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Anatomy of the functional limbs > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

Forearm bones, joints, and muscles (42 cards)

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1
Q

how can you differentiate between radius and ulna?

A

-the proximal end of the radius is thin and the distal end of the radius is thick
-the ulna starts off thin and continues thin
-the radius =thumb
-the ulna=pinky
-the radius is shorter than the ulna

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2
Q

Radius

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Radial Tuberosity
  • Radius
  • Shaft
  • Styloid process of radius
  • Head of ulna in ulnar notch of radius
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3
Q

Ulna

A
  • Olecranon
  • Trochlear Notch
  • Coronoid process
  • Tuberosity of ulna
  • Shaft
  • Atricular circumference of head of ulna
  • Styloid process of ulna
  • Head of ulna in ulnar notch of radius
  • Ulnar notch
  • Groove for extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
  • Dorsal tubercle of radius
  • Groove for extensor pollicis longus
  • Groove for extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
  • Grooves for tendons
  • Distal radio-ulnar joint
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4
Q

Bones of WWrist and Hand

A
  • Distal Phalanx
  • Head of middle phalanx
  • Head of proximal phalanx
  • 5th metacarpal; head, tubercle, shaft, base
  • Hook of hamate
  • Pisiform
  • Triquetrum
  • Lunate
  • Tubercle of scaphoid
  • Tubercle of trapezium
  • Trapezoid
  • Capitate
  • 1st metacarpal
  • Head Shaft Base of thumb
  • Scaphoid
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5
Q

Middle Radioulnar joint

A
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6
Q

Classification of Distal Radioulnar Joint

A

synovial, pivot

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7
Q

Articulating surfaces of Distal radioulnar joint

A

head of ulna to ulnar notch of radius and articular disc

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8
Q

Ligaments of distal radioulnar joint

A

anterior and posterior

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9
Q

Movements of distal radioulnar joint

A

supination and pronation

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10
Q

Innervation of distal radioulnar joint

A

median and radial

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11
Q

Fractures of the radius and ulna

A

Colles’ Fracture;
avulsed styloid process of ulna
dinner fork deformity
distal fragment of radius overrides the rest of the bone

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12
Q

Fractures of Ulna and Radius

A

Monteggia Fracture;
Radius-dislocated from its joint with the humerus
ulna-complete fracture just below the elbow

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13
Q

Fractures of ulna and radius

A

Galeazzi Fracture

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14
Q

Muscle compartments of the forarm

A

Anterior; Flexors, flexes wrist and fingers innervated by median or ulnar nerve
Posterior; Extensors, extends wrist and fingers, innervated by radial nerve

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15
Q

Anterior Compartment has 3 layers

A

Superficial, Intermediate, and deep

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16
Q

Superficial layer

A
  1. Pronator Teres
  2. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  3. Palmaris Longus
  4. Flexor carpi ulnaris
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17
Q

Intermediate

Study These Flashcards
A

Flexor digitorum superficials

18
Q

Deep

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus
  2. Flexor pollicis longus
  3. Pronator quadratus
19
Q

Pronator teres

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: ulnar head (coronoid process of ulna) and humeral head ( medial epicondyle, supracond ridge)

Insertion: Lateral surface of radius (mid-shaft)

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Pronates forearm at radioulnar joint and flexes at elbow

20
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

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A

Origin: medial epicondyle

Insertion: Base 2nd metacarpal

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist

21
Q

Palmaris Longus

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A

Origin: Medial epicondyle

Insertion: Fexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: flexes hand at the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis

22
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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A

Origin: Ulnar head (olecranon and posterior border of ulna) and humeral head ( medial epicondyle)

Insertion: Pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Action: Flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist

23
Q

Flexor digitotum superficials

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: humero-ulnar head (medial epicondyle and margin of the coronoid process) and radial head (oblique line/anterior border of radius

Insertion: Middle phalanges of the index, middle, ring and little fingers

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Flexes proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints

24
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

Study These Flashcards
A

Origin: anterior and medial surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of the distal phalanges of index, middle, ring, and little fingers

Innervation: lateral half by median nerve (anterior interosseous , median half by ulnar nerve

Action: Flexes metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of fingers 2-5

25
Flexor pollicis longus
Origin: anterior surface of radius and interosseous memebrane Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of the thumb Innervation: Median nerve ( anterior interosseous) Action: Flexes metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint of thumb
26
Pronator quadratus
Origin: Distal anterior surface of ulna Insertion: Distal anterior surface of radius Innervation: Median nerve ( anterior interosseous) Action: Pronates Forearm
27
Posterior compartment of the forearm
are 2: 1. Superficial 2. Deep
28
Superficial posterior compartment of the forearm
1. Brachioradialis 2. Extensor carpi radialis longus 3. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 4. Extensor carpi ulnaris 5. Extensor digitorum 6. Extensir digiti minimi
29
Deep posterior compartment of the forearm
1. Supinator 2. Abductor pollicis longus 3. Extensor pollicis brevis 4. Extensor pollicis longus 5. Extensor indicis
30
Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, intermusc. semptum Insertion: Lateral distal end of radius Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Flexes elbow (when forearm mid-pronated)
31
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Origin: lateral supracond. ridge of humerus, intermusc.septum Insertion: Base metacarpal 2 Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends and abducts wrist
32
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: lateral epicondyle intermusc. septum Insertion: Base of metacarpals 2 & 3 Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends and abducts wrist
33
Extensor digitorum
Origin: lateral epicondyle, intermusc. septum Insertion: Base of middle and distal phalanges of medial 4 Innervation: Posterior interosseous ( from radial) nerve Action: Extends wrist and medial 4 fingers
34
Extensor digiti minimi
Origin: lateral epicondyle intermusc.septum Insertion: distal end of little efinger Innervation: posterior interosseous ( from radial nerve) Action: extends little finger
35
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin: lateral epicondyle, posterior surface of ulna Insertion: Base of metacarpal 5 Innervation: Posterior interosseous from radial nerve Action: extends and adducts wrist
36
Supinator
Origin: superficial head: lateral epicondyle, radial collateral, and ulnar ligs Deep head: supinator crest of ulna Insertion: lateral surface of radius, superior to the oblique line Innervation: radial nerve, deep branch Action: supinates forearm at radioulnar joint
37
Abductor pollicis longus
Origin: posterior surface of ulna, radius and interosseous m Insertion: base metacarpal 1 Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve Action: abducts CMC Joint of thumb, extends thumb
38
extensor pollicis brevis
Origin: posterior surface of radius and interosseous m Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve Action: extends MCP and CMC joints of thumb
39
extensor pollicis longus
origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb innervtaion: posterior interosseous nerve action: extends all joints of the thumb
40
extensor indicis
origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous m insertion: base of proximal phalanx of index finger innervation: posterior interosseous action: extends index finger
41
Carpal Tunnel
contents: - 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus - 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis - tendon of flexor pollicis longus - median nerve
42
anatomical snuffbox
lateral border: tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis medial border: tendon of extensor pollicis longus floor: scaphoid and trapezium content: radial artery

Anatomy of the functional limbs (7 decks)

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