Week 4 Flashcards

Wrist and Hand; Joints, Bones, & Muscles (41 cards)

1
Q

Carpal arch constitutes the following bones

A
  1. Pisiform
  2. Triquetrum
  3. Hamate
  4. Capitate
  5. Trapezoid
  6. Trapezium
  7. Tubercle
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2
Q

What are the carpal bones, starting from the distal pinky end to the thumb?

A
  1. Hamate
  2. Hook of Hamate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
  5. Capitate
  6. Lunate
  7. Trapezoid
  8. Scaphoid
  9. Tubercle of Scaphoid
  10. Trapezium
  11. Tubercle of Trapezium
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3
Q

the wrist joint also known as radiocarpal joint is classified as

A

a synovial and condyloid joint

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4
Q

articulating surfaces of the wrist, radiocarpal joint

A

distal end of radius and articular disc, with scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum

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5
Q

ligaments of the wrist radiocarpal joint

A
  • Radial collateral ligament; runs from the radius to the scaphoid and trapezium
  • Ulnar collateral ligament; runs from the ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform
  • Palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligament
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6
Q

movements of the wrist radiocarpal joint

A

flexion and extension
abduction and adduction
circumduction

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7
Q

innervation of the wrist, radiocarpal joint

A

median, ulnar, and radial nerve

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8
Q

classification of midcarpal joint

A

synovial and condyloid

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9
Q

articulating surfaces of midcarpal joint

A

proximal row of carpal bones with distal row of carpal bones

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10
Q

ligaments of midcarpal joint

A

palmar, dorsal and interosseous ligaments

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11
Q

movements of midcarpal joint

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction; facilitate radiocarpal joint

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12
Q

classification of carpometacarpal joints

A

Synovial and saddle

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13
Q

articulating surfaces of carpometacarpal joints

A

trapezium and base of 1st metacarpal

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14
Q

ligaments of carpometacarpal joints

A

joint capsule

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15
Q

movements of carpometacarpal joints

A

flexion and extension
abduction and adduction
medial and lateral rotation
circumduction
combination of flexion, medial rotation and adduction= opposition

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16
Q

classification of metacarpophalangeal joints

A

synovial, condyloid (2-5)
synovial, hinge (1)

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17
Q

articulating surfaces of metacarpophalangeal joints

A

heads of metacarpals with bases of proximal phalanges

18
Q

ligaments of metacarpophalangeal joints

A

collateral ligaments
palmar ligaments
deep transverse metacarpal (2-5)

19
Q

movements of the metacarpophalangeal joints

A

MCP 1: flexion and extension
MCP 2-5: flexion and extension
abduction and adduction

20
Q

interphangeal joints can be

A

proximal or distal

21
Q

Proximla interphangeal joints

A

classification: synovial, hinge
articulating surfaces: heads of proximal phalanges 2-5 with bases of middle phalanges 2-5
ligaments: collateral ligaments (medial and lateral) palmar ligaments
movements: flexion and extension

22
Q

distal interphangeal joints

A

classification: synovial, hinge
articulating surfaces: heads of middle phalanges 2-5 with bases of distal phalanges 2-5
ligaments: collateral ligaments (medial and lateral) palmar ligaments
movements: flexion and extension

23
Q

thumb

A

classification: synovial hinge
articulating surfaces: head of proximal phalanx of thumb, base of distal phalanx of thumb
ligaments: collateral ligaments (medial and later) palmar ligaments
movements: flexion and extension

24
Q

intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

-Thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis
-Hypothenar muscles: abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponents digiti minimi
- dorsal interossei
-palmar interossei
- lumbricals
- adductor pollicis
- palmaris brevis

25
palmaris brevis
origin: palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum insertion: skin innervtaion: ulnar nerve action: improves grip
26
Innervation- median nerve
MEat LOAF Lumbricals 1 and 2 Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis
27
thenar muscles; opponens pollicis
Innervation: median nerve action: medial rotation of the thumb
28
thenar muscles; abductor pollicis brevis
innervtaion: median nerve action: abducts thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
29
thenar muscles; flexor pollicis brevis
innervation: median action: flexes thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
30
hypothenar muscles; opponens digit minimi
innervation: ulnar nerve action: lateral rotation of the little finger
31
hypothenar muscles; abductor digiti minimi
innervation: ulnar nerve action: abducts little finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
32
hypothenar muscles; flexor digiti minimi brevis
innervation: ulnar nerve action: flexes little finger, at metacarpophalangeal joint
33
Adductor pollicis
innervation: ulnar nerve action: adducts thumb
34
lumbrical (1-4)
innervation: medial two - ulnar nerve lateral two - median action: flex MCP joint while extending interphalangeal joints
35
palmar interossei
innervation: ulnar nerve action: adduct thumb, index, ring and little fingers
36
dorsal interossei
innervation: ulnar nerve action: abduct index, middle, and ring fingers
37
palmar aponeurosis
-facilitates grip -protection
38
flexor retinaculum
-forms roof of carpal tunnel -limits anterior movement of long flexor tendons
39
fibrous digital sheaths
-limits anterior and side to side movement of long flexor tendons of digits -lined by synovial sheaths (synovial membranes), which facilitate movement
40
extensor retinaculum
-holds long extensor tendons in place -has extensions to bone which forms 6 separate tunnels for the passage of tendons -tendons surrounded by synovial sheaths
41