Week 3

Question 1

Enterobacteriacea- how do they secrete stuff?

Answer 1

Type III= injection with needle thing

Question 2

Enterobacteriacea- antigens?

Answer 2

O (Gram-), H, capsular Ag (K/Vi)

Question 3

What do entero baceria do to inflamasomes?

Answer 3

They block them! they don’t want the inflamasome raising an alarm to activate the immune system!

Question 4

What does legionella do in your cell that keeps it alive?

Answer 4

it blocks the phagolysosome, and just chills in the vesicle

Question 5

Shigella- what does it do when it gets in the cell?

Answer 5

It shimmy’s out of the phagolysosome

Question 6

Salmonella in phagolysosme?

Answer 6

It replicates.

Question 7

3 infections e.coli can cause?

Answer 7

enteric, UTIs, sepsis/meningitis

Question 8

Enteropathogenic e.coli

Answer 8

decrease brush border surface area= secretory diahrrea.

Major issue in young ones.

Question 9

Enterohemorrhagic e.coli- what can it make that is systemic?

Answer 9

Produces toxins= Shigella or verotoxin with STX. Tropism for kidneys and causes hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 10

Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Answer 10

caused by hemorrhagic e.coli
1. Diahrrea (starts watery--> bloody)
2. travels to kidneys
3. thrombocytopenia= damages platelets
4. Anemia 
5***BIG ONE IS KIDNEY DAMAGE!!***

Question 11

What antibiotics can you use for hemolytic uremic syndrome?

Answer 11

NONE! IT WILL HELP THE TOXIN REPLICATE!!!!

Question 12

How do you know its hemorrhagic e.coli (shigella/verotoxin) and not another e.coli?

Answer 12

no fever!

Question 13

Enterotoxigenic e.coli

Answer 13

No cytoskeletal rearrangment.
Makes two heat stabile, and two heat labile toxins==> increased cAMP production===> watery diahhrea (travelers diahrrea)
secretory diahrreah

Question 14

Enterotoxigenic e.coli is common in what countries?

Answer 14

Latin America> Africa> South Asia> SE Asia

Question 15

Campylobacter is common?

Answer 15

in SE Asia

Question 16

Enteroaggregative E. coli?

Answer 16

makes biofilm. It aggregates==»malabsorption diahrrea

Some cytotoxins, but main thing is the biofilm

Question 17

Enteroinvasive e.coli

Answer 17

Shigella that looks like E.coli. Only e.coli that invades your cells.

Question 18

Large intestine ones

Answer 18

Shigella (enteroinvasive) and enterohemmorragic

Question 19

Can any e.coli survive crossign BBB?

Answer 19

Yes. E Coli K1= major cause of neonatal meningitis

Question 20

Tell me about salmonella. What’s it look like?

Answer 20

Looks like E.coli.

Question 21

What will they use to describe salmonella?

Answer 21

Ignore salmonella part, ignore subspecies part.

Salmonella enterica vs by serovars

Question 22

Typch or paratyph?

Answer 22

ARE DIFFEERNT. They can invade shit and cause typhoid fever.

Question 23

Typhoid fever

Answer 23

VERY HIGH FEVER. Weakness, stomach pain, headache. Rose rash. Transmitted by food/water contaminated by sewage. IE find it in places with bad sewage treatment

Question 24

Typhoid fever prevalence by country

Answer 24

India, Pakistan, Bangledash= 2/3 of all salmonella typhi or paratyphi

Question 25

If it can cause typhoid, what else can it do?

Answer 25

get in your blood= bacteremia.

Question 26

Most common foods that cause Salmonella?

Answer 26

Eggs and poultry, according to core. But I guess it's also in peanut butter!!!

Question 27

Salmonella pathology

Answer 27

goes into brush border, down through basal membrane and enter macrophages. Then they live on and infect macrophages

Question 28

What can it do once it has disseminated? (salmonella)

Answer 28

Produce toxins and increase cytokine and prostaglandin stuff. This is why you can have bloody/watery diahhrea with salmonella

Question 29

Typhoid type

Answer 29

A1= like ptx A2= hurts cells? **need mroe infor for this**

Question 30

Shigella

Answer 30

S. Sonnei more common in US, but opposite in other worldly areas

Question 31

Shigella

Answer 31

chills in intestinal tract | watery diahrea==> bloody

Question 32

Shigella

Answer 32

Invade M-cells, break phagosome wall and chills in cytoplasm. No MHC II presentation. Macrophage kills the cell (how silly) and then shigella escapse and enters basolateral tract and breaks down some cell-cell adhesion. WBC leak into lumen==WBC in feces.

Question 33

4Fs. What are they? What are they in reference to?

Answer 33

Food, fingers, feces, flies. Shigella transmission. Mainly from gross kids that dont wash their hands and in places where the soil doesn't freeze.

Question 34

General Dose requirement for shigella?

Answer 34

Low= high/fast transmission. Doesn't take a lot!

Question 35

Shigella does something that listeria does too, what is it?

Answer 35

Actin polymerization

Question 36

Yersinia

Answer 36

BIPOLAR staining. (middle area not filled)= safety pin staining.

Question 37

Yersinia pestis

Answer 37

``` Bubonic plague!! Bubos form (balls of bacteria and pus) in inguinal regions... ```

Question 38

What things can cause Bubos?

Answer 38

Yersenia pestis, tularemia, pasteurella

Question 39

Hypertension, renal failure, and tachycardia=

Answer 39

BACTERIAL SEPSIS. KNOW THIS.

Question 40

DIC and Hypertension cause?

Answer 40

kills extremitites (is it still called gangrene?)

Question 41

Yersenia pestis transmission

Answer 41

fleas. They usually give it to animals. When animals start dying they move to humans. So I'm guessing that's soemthing that would happen in the Zombie apocalypse.

Question 42

Antibiotic for plague? for septisemia

Answer 42

Tetracycline (no symptoms yet) or strptomycin (has symptoms)

Question 43

Klebsiellea pneumonia

Answer 43

?

Question 44

Klebsiella granulomatis

Answer 44

STD. "red beefy genitial ulcer" "soft ulcer" not painful | syph also not painful, but its a HARD ulcer.

Question 45

Most common infection in western world?

Answer 45

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS

Question 46

Proteus

Answer 46

can swarm--makes lots of flagella. Makes urease= alkaline urine and bladder stones

Question 47

What cause bladder stones?

Answer 47

Alkaline urine<==myco plasma OR proteus

Question 48

Antibiotic for proteus?

Answer 48

Ampicillin, cephalosporins, --see sheet

Question 49

why don't they use fluoroquinomafj (Sp?) for UTIs?

Answer 49

Make biofilsm worse (from something) | ALso, resistance.

Question 50

UTI treatment- MOST COMMON?

Answer 50

BACTRAM

Question 51

Most common prophylactic antibitioc

Answer 51

Rifaximin. Not effective against camplobacter

Question 52

If you're going to SE asia, what should you use? Why?

Answer 52

Azithromycin. for campylobacter--that's what's common there.

Question 53

Know four most common bacteria enteropathogens

Answer 53

campulo, salmonella, e.coli, shigella? --CHECK THIS

Question 54

What's considered severe diahrea?

Answer 54

>6/day >1 week OR BLOOD OR FEVER

Question 55

Dyentery?

Answer 55

blood stool and gut cramping.

Question 56

3 most common causes of

Answer 56

Staph, prestidiun prefinges, something else. sorry about spelling whiever sees this

Question 57

PS_I might have used SHigella for shiga toxin

Answer 57

i will try to fix before anyone sees it.