week 3

Question 1

first rank symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 1

thought insertion, withdrawal or broadcasting
third person auditory hallucinations
running commentary
passivity of thought, feelings or action
delusional perception

Question 2

negative features of schizophrenia

Answer 2

blunted affect
avolition
social withdrawal
poverty of speech
self neglect

Question 3

limits for hazardous drinking

Answer 3

above recommended limits

Question 4

what is harmful drinking?

Answer 4

> 50 units

Question 5

what is more severe than harmful drinking?

Answer 5

dependency drinking

Question 6

what are features of someone who is dependent on alcohol

Answer 6

compelled to drink
drinking to stave off withdrawal
drinking most of the time
increased tolerance to alcohol
unable to quit

Question 7

what are symptoms of alcohol withdrawal

Answer 7

the shakes
agitation
nausea, vomiting
sweating
craving
\+/- hallucinations
worse in the morning

Question 8

what are the symptoms of deliriums tremens

Answer 8

delirium
visual hallucinations
delusions
fear and agitation
coarse tremor
seizures
autonomic symptoms
insomina
dehydration/electrolyte imbalance

Question 9

symptoms of wenicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 9

delirium
ataxia, nystagmus

can progress to korsakoffs

Question 10

what is korsakoffs syndrome

Answer 10

chronic alcohol induced encephalopathy

cognitive deficits
amnesia
confabulation

Question 11

what causes wernicke’s encephalopathy

Answer 11

thiamine deficiency

Question 12

what are 3 alcohol screening tools that can be used

Answer 12

CAGE
FAST
AUDIT

Question 13

what is a severe score in AUDIT score

Answer 13

> 20

Question 14

what is the FRAMES approach to harmful alcohol use

Answer 14

Feedback
Responsibility
Advise
Menu of options
Empathy
Self-efficacy

Question 15

how to manage alcohol dependence

Answer 15

depending on severity
home treatment or inpatient

zero to high dose chlordiazepoxide

and thiamine

Question 16

2 drugs that can be given to maintain abstinence to alcohol

Answer 16

disulfiram

acamprosate

Question 17

what does disulfiram do

Answer 17

gives unpleasant effects when alcohol if drunk

Question 18

what does acamprosate do

Answer 18

reduces cravings

Question 19

4 key features of alzheimer’s disease

Answer 19

amnesia
aphasia
agnosia
apraxia

Question 20

e.g of neuropsychological testing for dementia?

Answer 20

AMTS, GPCOG, 6CIT

or MMSE, MOCA, ACE-III

Question 21

what functions are affected in a parietal lobe damage?

Answer 21

recognition of things
speech function
reading/writing
visual field defect

Question 22

what functions are affected in a frontal lobe damage?

Answer 22

recalling words in particular category
understanding abstract linkage/proverbs
following instructions in a task

Question 23

what functions are affected in a temporal lobe damage?

Answer 23

speech
language
visual recognition
semantic memory
memory

Question 24

how to differentiate parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with lewy body?

Answer 24

DLB will feature dementia symptoms first, before parkinsonism symptoms

Question 25

what are the symptoms in the diagnosis of DLB

Answer 25

dementia + 1 of the following fluctuation in attention and concentration visual hallucination parkinsonism

Question 26

common onset age of frontotemporal lobe dementia?

Answer 26

50s

Question 27

which dementia will having a personal history of MND predispose you to?

Answer 27

frontotemporal dementia AJA Pick's disease

Question 28

what is the cause for these symptoms gait abnormality eye movement abnormalities e.g. difficulty vertical gaze, looking downwards cognitive impairment parkinsonism unresponsive to L-dopa

Answer 28

progressive supranuclear palsy

Question 29

what are the symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus

Answer 29

ataxia urinary incontinence memory deficit

Question 30

what infective causes can give dementia/neuropsychological symptoms

Answer 30

HIV syphilis vCJD

Question 31

what assessment method can be used for diagnosing delirium

Answer 31

CAM - confusion assessment method

Question 32

what domains are testing in CAM

Answer 32

A) acute onset and/or fluctuating course B) inattention/easily distracted C) disorganised thinking D) altered level of consciousness

Question 33

according to CAM what features are required for the diagnosis of delirium?

Answer 33

A) acute onset + fluctuation B) inattention/easily distracted + either C Or D C) disorganised thinking D) altered level of consciousness

Question 34

what is pseudodementia

Answer 34

depression with reversible cognitive impairment - can look like dementia

Question 35

what are the 3 monoamines in the monomine theory of depression

Answer 35

serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline

Question 36

commonest age of onset of bipolar disorder

Answer 36

18-25 years old

Question 37

definition of delusion

Answer 37

beliefs that persist despite evidence to the contrary that are out of context with individual's religious, cultural and educational background

Question 38

how is delusional disorder diagnosed?

Answer 38

diagnosis of exclusion. no other symptoms other than delusions.

Question 39

7 negative symptoms of schziphrenia

Answer 39

``` appearance activity (lack of) affect awareness avolition "aspeech" - alogia cognitive impairment ```

Question 40

protective features in schizophrenia onset

Answer 40

``` female older age of onset rapid onset and rapid recovery response to medication good premorbid function no cognitive impairment ```