{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }
Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pharmacology > week 3 > Flashcards

week 3 Flashcards

(52 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is an adrenergic receptor

A

responds to adrenergic neurotransmitter norepinephrine and to epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a cholinergic receptor

A

responds to cholinergic neurotransmitter acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

define afferent neuron

A

carries information toward CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define efferent neuron

A

carriers information away from CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define homeostasis

A

normal state of balance among body’s internal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define synapse

A

junction btw two neutrons - allows communication btw - so signal continues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what muscle does ANS innervate

A

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the goal of ANS

A

achieve and maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

most organs receive innervation from both PSNS and SNS, other than…

A

most blood vessels - only receive input from SNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does PSNS originate from

A

CN 3,7,9,10

spinal cord S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

is SNS selective or non-selective

A

non-selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

is PSNS selective or non-selective

A

selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where does SNS originate from

A

T1-L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the adrenal medulla response to SNS and PSNS

A

SNS: release epinephrine
PSNS: N/A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the arteries response to SNS and PSNS

A

SNS: vasoconstriction (exceptions are coronary arteries and arteries to skeletal muscle - vasodilation)
PSNS: most arteries are not supplied by PSNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

heart response to SNS and PSNS

A

SNS: increase heart rate and AV conduction, increase contractility
PSNS: decrease heart rate, AV conduction, and contractility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

response of intestines, GI motility, and secretions to SNS and PSNS

A

SNS: decrease
PSNS: increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

postganglionic neurotransmitter IN SNS

A

NE released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

postganglionic neurotransmitter in PSNS

A

ACH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pupil response to SNS and PSNS

A

SNS: dilation - mydriasis
PSNS: constriction - miosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

respiratory response to SNS and PSNS

Study These Flashcards
A

SNS: bronchodilator
PSNS: bronchoconstriction

22
Q

urinary response to SNS and PSNS

Study These Flashcards
A

SNS: relaxation
PSNS: contraction

23
Q

urinary sphincter response to SNS and PSNS

Study These Flashcards
A

SNS: contraction
PSNS: relaxation

24
Q

where is alpha-1 adrenergic receptor found

Study These Flashcards
A

on smooth muscle

contraction

25
where is alpha-2 adrenergic receptor found
adrenergic nerve endings | decrease additional NE release
26
beta-1
on heart | increase activity
27
beta-2
bronchodilator, uterine relaxation, coronary and skeletal muscle vasodilation
28
what do adrenergic neuronal blockers do
acts on adrenergic nerve endings to decrease formation or release of NE
29
what is alpha-adrenergic blockers do
blocks alpha-1 effects of NE and Epi
30
what do non-selective beta adrenergic blockers do
block effects of Epi/NE on both beta 1 and Beta 2 receptors
31
what do selective beta-1 adrenergic blockers do
blocks effect of E/NE on only beta1 receptors
32
what do selective beta-2 adrenergic do
stimulates only beta-2 receptors
33
define sympatholytic
inhibits postganglionic functions of SNS | DECREASE SNS activity
34
define sympathomimetic
mimics effects of E/NE trigger SNS agonist
35
what receptors does norepinephrine NOT stimulate
beta-2 receptors
36
4 primary functions of alpha adrenergic drugs
1) vasoconstriction 2) contraction of GI sphincters 3) contraction of urinary sphincters 4) dilation of pupils
37
4 purposes of using alpha adrenergic drugs
1) hypotensive states 2) nasal congestion 3) ocular congestion/ocular testing = mydriasis 4) overeating: appetite suppressant
38
parent drug for alpha adrenergic
NE
39
parent for beta adrenergic drug
epi - > epi is non-selective - alpha and beta effects
40
3 primary action of beta adrenergic
1) cardiac stimulation 2) bronchiole smooth muscle relaxant 3) uterine smooth muscle relaxant
41
3 primary purposes for beta adrenergic
1) bronchoconstriction 2) hypotension 3) cardiac insufficiency
42
dopamine functions low doses does what
vasodilation and increase renal blood flow | 0.5-2mcg/kg/min
43
dopamine functions in moderate doses does what
stimulate cardiac beta1 receptor: increase contractility and cardiac output 2-10mcg/kg/min
44
dopamine function in high doses does what
>10mcg/kg/min | stimulate alpha receptors = widespread vasoconstriction, increase blood pressure
45
what do alpha adrenergic blocking drugs do
compete with E/NE for binding to alpha adrenergic receptors | prevents SNS activation
46
when to use alpha adrenergic blocking drugs (4)
1) used for treatment of HTN 2) poor blood flow to skin 3) treatment of pheochromocytoma 4) may cause PSNS related effects
47
beta adrenergic blocking drugs function
binding to beta adrenergic receptors | prevent sympathetic activity
48
primary location for beta adrenergic blocking drugs
heart, decrease activity
49
is there a therapeutic effect of beta adrenergic blocking drugs on beta 2
no, potential adverse effect - preventing action of vasodilator
50
when to use beta adrenergic blocking drugs
1) angina 2) HTN 3) arrhythmia 4) CHF 5) post MI 6) glaucoma 7) migraines
51
types of beta- blocking drugs
non-selective | selective, beta 1 block (at therapeutic effect, higher dose impacts both)
52
how does beta blockers affect diabetics
alter carb and lipid metabolism

Pharmacology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions