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4014PM -Fundamental A&P > Week 3-Cardio Anatomy > Flashcards

Week 3-Cardio Anatomy Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

How many lobes do the left and right lungs have?

A

Left - 2 Superior and Inferior
Right - 3 Superior, Middle, and Inferior lobes

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2
Q

Name all four major heart valves

A

Aortic Valve
Bicuspid Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Tricuspid Valve

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3
Q

Where is the Aortic Valve located?

A

Between the LV and the Aorta

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4
Q

Where is the Bicuspid Valve located?

A

Between the LA and the LV

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5
Q

Where is the Pulmonary Valve located?

A

Between the RV and the pulmonary artery

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6
Q

Where is the Tricuspid Valve located?

A

Between the RA and the RV

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7
Q

What is the Systole Phase?

A

The contraction of the heart muscle that pumps blood out

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8
Q

What is the Diastole Phase?

A

The relaxation of the heart muscle that allows the heart to refill with blood

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9
Q

Which side of the heart moves Oxygenated Blood?

A

Left

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10
Q

Which side of the heart moves Deoxygenated Blood?

A

Right

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11
Q

What is the formula for Cardiac Output?

A

Heart Rate x Stroke Volume

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12
Q

What is Cardiac Output?

A

The volume of blood ejected from 1 ventricle into the aorta or pulmonary artery each minute.

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13
Q

Explain Frank-Starling Law of the Heart

A

An increased preload of blood causes the cardiac muscle cells to contract with more force and produce a higher stroke volume.

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14
Q

What is the formula for stroke volume?

A

End-diastolic volume (EDV) minus end-systolic volume (ESV)

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15
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood ejected from 1 ventricle with each beat

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16
Q

What is the primary electrode placement on 3 Lead ECG

A

Right arm - Red
Left arm – Yellow
Left leg– Green
Right leg – Black

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17
Q

Name the ten questions in the Ten-Step Tool

A
  1. What is the rate?
  2. What is the rhythm?
  3. Are there P waves present?
  4. Is there a T wave present?
  5. Is there a QRS complex after every P wave?
  6. Is there a P wave before every QRS complex?
  7. Is the ST segment isoelectric?
  8. What is the PR interval?
  9. What is the duration of the QRS complex?
  10. What is the duration of the Q-T interval?
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18
Q

What is the clinical name for the standard rhythm of a healthy heart?

A

Normal Sinus Rhythm

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19
Q

What is the standard HR for a Normal Sinus Rhythm?

A

60-100 bpm

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20
Q

Which wave precedes QRS complex?

A

P Wave

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21
Q

What is the standard time for PR Interval for Normal Sinus Rhythm?

A

0.12s - 0.20s

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22
Q

What is the standard time for QT Interval for Normal Sinus Rhythm?

A

0.35s to 0.43s

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23
Q

What does the ST Segment connect?

A

QRS complex to T wave

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24
Q

What is the standard time for QRS Complex for Normal Sinus Rhythm?

A

0.12s

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25
What time does each small square on an ECG represent?
0.04s
26
What time does each big square on an ECG represent?
0.2s
27
How to calculate HR on a ECG?
Count the large squares between each R-R interval. Divide 300 by the number of large squares between both R E.g. HR = 300 / 4 = 75 bpm.
28
The clinical term for HR < 60bpm
Sinus Bradycardia
29
The clinical term for HR >100bpm
Sinus Tachycardia
30
What is the standard time for PR Interval for Sinus Bradycardia?
0.12s to 0.2s
31
What is the standard time for QRS Complex for Sinus Bradycardia?
0.12s
32
Are P waves present in Sinus Bradycardia?
Yes
33
Is the ST segment isoelectric in Sinus Bradycardia?
Yes
34
What is the standard time for QT Interval for Sinus Bradycardia?
0.35s to 0.43s
35
Are T waves present in Sinus Bradycardia?
Yes
36
Are T waves present in Sinus Tachycardia?
Yes
37
Are P waves present in Sinus Tachycardia?
Yes
38
What is the standard time for PR Interval for Sinus Tachycardia?
0.12s to 0.2s
39
What is the standard time for QRS Complex for Sinus Tachycardia?
0.12s
40
Are P waves present in Sinus Tachycardia?
Yes
41
Is the ST segment isoelectric in Sinus Tachycardia?
Yes
42
What is the standard time for QT Interval for Sinus Tachycardia?
0.35s to 0.43s
43
Are P Waves present in Ventricular Fibrillation ?
No
44
Is QRS complex regular in Ventricular Fibrillation?
No
45
What is Ventricular Fibrillation?
Abnormal heart rhythm in which the ventricles of the heart quiver and ineffectively pump blood
46
Are T Waves present in Ventricular Fibrillation?
No
47
There is an isoelectric line in Ventricular Fibrillation True or False?
False
48
What does the QRS complex represent?
Depolarisation of ventricles
49
What does P Wave represent?
Depolarisation of the atria
50
What does T wave represent?
Repolarisation of the ventricles
51
What is the difference between VT and VF?
VF - The ventricles contract in an uncoordinated manner VT - The ventricles contract in a rapid coordination
52
Is QRS complex regular in Ventricular Tachycardia?
Yes
53
What is the standard time for QRS Complex for Ventricular Tachycardia?
>0.12s
54
Are there P waves in VT?
No
55
What is the standard time for P Waves in Asystole?
No P waves
56
What is the standard time for QRS Complex in Asystole?
No QRS
57
What is the standard time for T Waves in Asystole?
No T Waves
58
What three distinct layers do Arteries and veins have?
◦ Tunica Interna ◦ Tunica Media ◦ Tunica External
59
3 Main Layers of the Heart
Epicardium Myocardium Endocardium
60
Layer, Composition and Function of Epicardium
Outer Mesothelial and connective Tissue Reduce friction
61
Layer, Composition and Function of Myocardium
Middle Cardiac Muscle Tissue Contraction
62
Layer, Composition and Function of Endocardium
Inner Endothelium Lines the inside of the heart valves and large Blood vessels
63
Is Sinus Bradycardia a shockable rhythm?
No
64
Is Sinus Tachycardia a shockable rhythm?
no
65
Is Ventricular Tachycardia a Shockable Rhythm?
Yes
66
Is Ventricular Fibrillation a Shockable Rhythm?
Yes
67
Is Asystole a Shockable Rhythm?
No
68
Is PEA a Shockable Rhythm?
No

4014PM -Fundamental A&P (7 decks)

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