Week 3: Data management, Metadata, Neogeography and Web GIS

Question 1

Metadata is from the greek meta meaning

Answer 1

After or beyond

Question 2

Metadata is data about

Answer 2

Data

Question 3

Metadata is useful for

Answer 3

Describing how data was collected as well as facilitating its discovery

Question 4

Is data “fit for purpose” means

Answer 4

Does it meet data requirements to answer your questions

Question 5

Metadata on a map may include

Answer 5

Scale, production date, author, datum, projection. key features etc

Question 6

Examples of metadata elements for GIS

Answer 6

1. Identification
2. Data quality
3. Spatial data formats
4. Spatial reference
5. Entity and attribute information
6. Distribution
7. Metadata reference

Question 7

GIS Metadata identification includes

Answer 7

Title, area covered, themes, currency, restrictions

Question 8

GIS Metadata data quality includes

Answer 8

Accuracy, completeness, logical consistency, lineage

Question 9

GIS Metadata spatial data formats includes

Answer 9

Vector, raster, resolution, type of elements, number

Question 10

GIS Metadata spatial reference includes

Answer 10

Projection, grid system, datum, coordinate system

Question 11

GIS Metadata entity and attribute information includes

Answer 11

Features, attributes, valid value ranges, format

Question 12

GIS Metadata distribution includes

Answer 12

Distributor, formats, media, online, price, permissions

Question 13

GIS Metadata reference includes

Answer 13

Responsibility, legal waivers, liability, metadata creator, etc

Question 14

Two reasons why spatial metadata is important

Answer 14

1. Essential information for documentation and data discovery
2. Adding value to spatial data, an already valuable resource

Question 15

Spatial data should have what three things

Answer 15

1. A common and accepted standard
2. An easy to use system for input, storage, maintenance, search (discovery) and access
3. The power to enforce the standards

Question 16

Creating metadata can be costly and time consuming due to requiring

Answer 16

Technical knowledge of the data to create

Question 17

A standard is a

Answer 17

A set of rules. guidlines or specifications that define how to create, store, share and use geospatial data

Question 18

What is the purpose of a filename

Answer 18

1. To convey information about the data file
2. Allow the file to be searchable/discoverable
3. Differentiate the data from other data files

Question 19

Five file name elements

Answer 19

1. Title (what is the data)
2. Date (when was it collected/created)
3. Creator (who collected/made the data)
4. Location (spatial reference)
5. File type (extension)

Question 20

Four GIS data formats

Answer 20

1. ArcGIS Geodatabase
2. KML - Keyhole Markup Language
3. Shape file - older file format (standard across GIS)
4. Web Mapping Service (WMS/WMTS/WFS)

Question 21

Components of ArcGIS geodatabase

Answer 21

1. Visualize, analyze, edit and share data
2. Allows typology and network analysis

Question 22

Components of KML

Answer 22

1. Google earth standard for displaying features
2. Can be imported into GIS

Question 23

Components of shape file

Answer 23

1. Simpler, no topological relationships stored in data
2. Public data structure (open source)
3. Fewer constraints w.r.t need to tile spatial data
4. Does not support many advanced types of spatial analysis - e.g some network operations

Question 24

Components of web mapping service

Answer 24

1. Can link to from within a GIS
2. Data is updated/maintained by provider
3. Large volume data may be slow to buffer

Question 25

Spatial data infrastructure (SDI) is

Answer 25

A relevant base collection of technologies, policies and institutional arrangements that facilitate the availability of and access to spatial data.

Question 26

An SDI provides

Answer 26

A basis for spatial data discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers

Question 27

What are location based services (LBS)

Answer 27

An information service provided by a device that knows where it is and is capable of modifying the information it provides based on that knowledge

Question 28

Devices have become more mobile, mainly due to

Answer 28

Wireless communication services such as wifi and bluetooth

Question 29

Google utilizes anonymous cell phone LBS to provide

Answer 29

Real time traffic updates

Question 30

Neogeography means

Answer 30

"New geography" and consists of a set of techniques and tools that fall outside the realm of traditional GIS. It is about people using and creating their own maps, on their own terms and by combining elements of an existing toolset

Question 31

The six local components to conventional GIS

Answer 31

1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. Users 5. Procedures 6. Network

Question 32

The wireless transmission for exchanging data over short distances (1 - 240m)

Answer 32

Bluetooth

Question 33

Advantage of remote GIS delivery

Answer 33

1. Can handle multiple consurrent processing requests from multiple clients 2. Large user base; brings down cost

Question 34

Two most common forms of GIS delivery

Answer 34

1. Google earth 2. ArcGIS online

Question 35

The main usage of GIS delivery

Answer 35

Display and Query

Question 36

Issues with mobile GIS

Answer 36

1. Egocentric context - the location of the user is important - makes sense for maps to be centred on them - users point of view rather than synoptic 2. Battery life is limited 3. Wifi issues - insecure (access to sensitive information) - coverage 4. Reliance on GPS navigation can affect our mental mapping and our spatial memory