week 3 - exam prep

Question 1

what are the NRV values?

Answer 1

• Outline levels of intake of essential nutrients considered to be adequate to meet the nutritional needs of practically all healthy indivisuals to prevent any deficiency states
• Document used by health professionals to assess the likelihood of inadequate intake in indivisuals or groups of people

Question 2

what is EAR, RDI, EER and UL

Answer 2

1. estimated average requirements: daily nutrient level estimated to meet the requirement of half healthy indivisuals in a particular life stage or age group
2. RDI - recommended dietary intake: average daily dietary intake level that is sufficient to meet nutrient requirements of nearly all healthy indivisuals in a particular life stage/group
3. EER - estimated energy requirements: estimated energy intake level that is estimated to maintian energy balance in a healthy adult of defined age, gender, weight, height and lvl of PA
4. Adequate intake
   * Average daily intake based on observed or experimentally determined approximations or estimates of nutrient intake by a group of apparently healthy indivisuals that are assumed to be adequate
   * Used when RDI cannot be determined
   * Example: infants and breast milk, adults and chromium
   * USES INDIVISUALS: goal for indivisual intake but use with caution if nutrient level is based on median intakes of healthy populations
   * USES GROUPS : prevalence of inadequacy
5. Upper limit - highest average daily nutrient intake likely to pose no adverse health effects to almost all indivisuals in the general population

Question 3

what is AMDR and SDT?

Answer 3

1. SDTs - suggested dietary targets
   * Applicable for adolescents over 14 yrs + adults
   * Average intake from food and beverages from certain nutrients that may help in prevention of chronic disease
   * For most nutrients recommendation is based on 90th percentile of current population
   * SDT include nutrients that have very solid evidence to help with preventing chronic diseases
   
   • Vitamin A, E, C
   • Selenium
   • folate
   • Sodium/potassium
   • Dietary fibre
   • Long chain omega 3 fats
2. AMDRS - acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges
   * Estimate of the range of intake for each macronutrient for indivusals which would allow adequate intake for all other nutrients whilst maximising general health outcomes
   * Expressed as % energy

Question 4

what are the AMDR values of protein, carbohydrates, fats?

Answer 4

protein: 15 - 25 %
carbohydrates: 45-65%
fats: 20-35%