Week 3 Gluteal region

Question 1

superior, inferior, lateral, and medial border of gluteal region

Answer 1

superior: iliac crest
inferior: gluteal fold
lateral: line from ASIS to greater trochanter
medial: natal cleft

Question 2

sacrotuberous ligament and its attachments

Answer 2

ischial tuberosity
sacrum and coccyx
PSIS (posterior superior iliac spine)
.
.

vertical direction

Question 2

roof and floor of gluteal region

Answer 2

roof: skin
floor: ilium

Question 2

sacrospinous ligament and its attachments

Answer 2

ischial spine
sacrum and coccyx
.

horizontal direction

Question 3

proximal and distal attachment of gluteus maximus

Answer 3

proximal:
- ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
- dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
- sacrotuberous ligament

distal:
- iliotibial tract (superficial 75%)
- gluteal tuberosity (deep 25%)

Question 4

innervation of gluteus maximus

Answer 4

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 4

main action of gluteus maximus

Answer 4

extends hip joint
assist in lateral rotation

Question 5

proximal and distal attachment of gluteus medius

Answer 5

proximal: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

distal: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 5

innervation of gluteus medius

Answer 5

superior gluteal nerve

Question 6

main action of gluteus medius

Answer 6

abducts and medially rotates hip joint

Question 7

proximal and distal attachment of gluteus minimus

Answer 7

proximal: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

distal: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 7

innervation of gluteus minimus

Answer 7

superior gluteal nerve

Question 8

main action of gluteus minimus

Answer 8

abducts and medially rotates hip joint

Question 9

proximal and distal attachment of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 9

proximal:
- anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
- anterior part of iliac crest

distal:
- iliotibial tract, attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
.

Question 10

innervation of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 10

superior gluteal nerve

Question 11

main action of tensor fasciae latae

Answer 11

abducts and medially rotates hip joint

Question 12

proximal and distal attachment of obturator internus

Answer 12

proximal: pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
distal: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 12

proximal and distal attachment of piriformis

Answer 12

proximal:
- anterior surface of sacrum
- sacrotuberous ligament

distal:
- superior border of greater trochanter of femur
.

Question 12

innervation of obturator internus

Answer 12

nerve to obturator internus

Question 13

main action of piriformis

Answer 13

laterally rotates extended hip joint
stabilise hip joint
abducts hip joint when flexed

Question 13

innveration of piriformis

Answer 13

branches of anterior rami S1 and S2

Question 13

main action of obturator internus

Answer 13

laterally rotates extended hip joint
stabilise hip joint
abduct hip joint when flexed

Question 14

proximal and distal attachment of superior gemelli

Answer 14

proximal: ischial spine
distal: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 15

innervation of superior gemelli

Answer 15

nerve to obturator internus

Question 16

main action of superior gemelli

Answer 16

laterally rotates extended hip joint stabilise hip joint abduct hip joint when flexed

Question 17

proximal and distal attachment of inferior gemelli

Answer 17

proximal: ischial tuberosity distal: **medial surface of greater trochanter of femur**

Question 18

innervation of inferior gemelli

Answer 18

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 19

proximal and distal attachment of quadratus femoris

Answer 19

proximal: **lateral border** of ischial tuberosity distal: intertrochanteric crest of femur

Question 19

main action of inferior gemelli

Answer 19

laterally rotates extended hip joint stabilise hip joint abduct hip joint when flexed

Question 20

innervation of quadratus femoris

Answer 20

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 21

main action of quadratus femoris

Answer 21

laterally rotates hip joint stabilizes hip joint

Question 21

which muscles are attached to greater trochanter?

Answer 21

gluteus medius gluteus minimus piriformis obturator internus obturator externus superior and inferior gemelli

Question 22

motor and sensory nerve supply to the gluteal region

Answer 22

inferior gluteal nerve superior gluteal nerve nerve to obturator internus nerve to quadratus femoris **posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh**

Question 23

main blood supply to the gluteal region

Answer 23

superior gluteal vessels inferior gluteal vessels

Question 24

contents of lesser sciatic foremen

Answer 24

obturator internus

Question 24

contents of greater sciatic foremen (above and below piriformis)

Answer 24

above: superior gluteal nerve and vessels below: inferior gluteal nerve and vessels posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh sciatic nerve