Week 6 Anterior and medial thigh

Question 1

proximal and distal attachment of pectineus

Answer 1

proximal:
superior ramus of pubis

distal:
- lesser trochanter of femur
- **pectineal line of femur**
.

Question 2

innervation of pectineus

Answer 2

femoral nerve

Question 3

main action of pectineus

Answer 3

assist in lateral rotation
adducts and slightly flexes hip joint

Question 4

proximal and distal attachment of psoas major

Answer 4

proximal:
- sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and disc between them
- transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

distal:
lesser trochanter of femur

Question 4

main action of psoas major

Answer 4

act conjointly in flexion and lateral rotation of hip joint
stabilizing joint when standing

Question 4

innervation of psoas major

Answer 4

anterior rami of lumbar nerve (L1, L2, L3)

Question 4

proximal and distal attachment of iliacus

Answer 4

proximal:
- iliac crest
- iliac fossa
- ala of sacrum
- anterior sacroiliac ligaments

distal:
- tendon of psoas major
- lesser trochanter of femur

Question 5

innervation of iliacus

Answer 5

femoral nerve

Question 6

main action of iliacus

Answer 6

act conjointly in flexion and lateral rotation of hip joint
stabilizing joint when standing

Question 7

proximal and distal attachment of sartorius

Answer 7

proximal:
anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
superior part of notch inferior to it

distal:
superior part of medial surface of tibia
.

Question 8

innervation of sartorius

Answer 8

femoral nerve

Question 9

main action of sartorius

Answer 9

abducts, flexes, laterally rotates hip joint
flexes knee joint

Question 10

proximal and distal attachment of rectus femoris

Answer 10

proximal:
anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
ilium superior to acetabulum

distal:
via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) to base of patella, indirectly via patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 11

innervation of rectus femoris

Answer 11

femoral nerve

Question 12

main action of rectus femoris

Answer 12

• extends knee joint
• steadies hip joint
• helps iliopsoas flex hip joint

Question 13

proximal and distal attachment of vastus lateralis

Answer 13

proximal:
greater trochanter
lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

distal:
via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) to base of patella, indirectly via patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 14

innervation of vastus medialis

Answer 14

femoral nerve

Question 15

main action of vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedius

Answer 15

extends knee joint

Question 16

proximal and distal attachment of vastus intermedius

Answer 16

proximal:
anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

distal:
via common tendinous (quadriceps tendon) to base of patella, indirectly via patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 17

innervation of vastus intermedius

Answer 17

femoral nerve

Question 18

proximal and distal attachment of adductor longus

Answer 18

proximal:
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

distal:
middle third of linea aspera of femur

Question 19

innervation of adductor longus

Answer 19

obturator nerve
branch of anterior division

Question 20

main action of adductor longus

Answer 20

adducts hip joint

Question 21

proximal and distal attachment of adductor brevis

Answer 21

proximal:
body and inferior ramus of pubis

distal:
pectineal line
proximal part of linea aspera of femur

Question 22

innervation of adductor brevis

Answer 22

obturator nerve branch of anterior division

Question 23

main action of adductor brevis

Answer 23

adducts hip joint

Question 24

proximal and distal attachment of adductor magnus (adductor part)

Answer 24

proximal: **inferior ramus of pubis** and **ramus of ischium** distal: **gluteal tuberosity** **linea aspera** medial supracondylar line

Question 25

proximal and distal attachment of adductor magnus (hamstring part)

Answer 25

proximal: **ischial tuberosity** distal: **adductor tubercle of femur**

Question 26

innervation of adductor magnus (adductor and hamstring part)

Answer 26

adductor part: obturator nerve branch of posterior division hamstring part: tibial division of sciatic nerve

Question 27

main action of adductor magnus (adductor and hamstring part)

Answer 27

adducts hip joint adductor: flexes hip joint hamstring: extends hip joint

Question 28

proximal and distal attachment of gracilis

Answer 28

proximal: **`body and inferior ramus of pubis`** distal: **superior part of medial surface of tibia** ## Footnote proximal attachment is the same as the proximal attachment adductor brevis

Question 29

innervation of gracilis

Answer 29

obturator nerve

Question 30

main action of gracilis

Answer 30

**adducts hip joint** `flexes knee joint` `medially rotates it when flexed`

Question 31

proximal and distal attachment of obturator externus

Answer 31

proximal: - `margins of obturator foreman` - **obturator membrane** distal: **trochanteric fossa of femur**

Question 32

innervation of obturator externus

Answer 32

**`obturator nerve`**

Question 33

main action of obturator externus

Answer 33

laterally rotates hip joint stabilises hip joint

Question 34

nerves of the medial compartment of thigh

Answer 34

**obturator nerve** - `anterior branch`: **`above obturator externus`** **`anterior surface of adductor brevis`** *branch to hip joint *supplies adductor longus, brevis, gracilis and skin over medial thigh - `posterior branch`: **`through obturator externus`** **deep to adductor brevis** *supplies adductor magnus (adductor part) and knee joint

Question 35

nerves of the anterior compartment

Answer 35

**femoral nerve** - **`arise with psoas major`** - **`passes deep to the mid-point of the inguinal ligament`** - **`enters the femoral triangle`**

Question 36

fermoral artery

Answer 36

- distal to inguinal ligament - **descends through femoral triangle** - courses through the **adductor canal** - passes through the **adductor hiatus** - terminates as the popliteal artery

Question 37

boundaries of femoral triangle ## Footnote superiorly, laterally, medially

Answer 37

superiorly: inguinal ligament laterally: medial border of sartorius medially: lateral border of adductor longus (SAIL)

Question 38

roof of femoral triangle

Answer 38

**skin** **fascia lata** with cribriform fascia **saphenous opening**

Question 39

floor of femoral triangle

Answer 39

pectineus psoas iliacus

Question 40

contents of femoral triangle

Answer 40

**femoral nerve, artery, vein, lymph nodes `femoral canal`** (NAVY) from lateral to medial

Question 41

apex of femoral triangle

Answer 41

adductor (Hunter's or subsartorial) canal

Question 42

roof of adductor canal

Answer 42

sartorius and subsartorial fascia

Question 43

walls of adductor canal

Answer 43

vastus medialis adductor longus adductor magnus

Question 44

contents of adductor canal

Answer 44

femoral artery femoral vein nerve to vastus medialis saphenous nerve

Question 45

extremities 末端of adductor canal

Answer 45

apex of femoral triangle and adductor hiatus