Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 2510 > week 3: sleep > Flashcards

week 3: sleep Flashcards

1
Q

what are the most important ideas of sleep?

A
  • sleep is natural
  • necessary
  • intended to be restorative
  • involves a shift in physiological and neurological activity and is intended to be restorative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

which 2 internal biological mechanisms regulate wakefulness and sleep?

A
  • sleep/wake cycle homeostasis
  • circadian rhythms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe the sleep-wake homeostasis/homeostatic sleep drive

A
  • need or pressure to sleep
  • the longer one stays awake, the stronger the pressure is to sleep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the suprachiasmatic nucleus do?
where is it located?

A

it regulates circadian rhythms
located in the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

define circadian rhythms?

A

physical, mental, and behavioural changes that follow a 24-hour cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the strongest cue for circadian rhythms

A

the dark/light cycle of the sun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which neurotransmitters maintain wakefulness?

A

serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline. histamine, orexin, acetylcholine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which neurotransmitters promote sleep?

A

Adenosine, GABA, melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which part of the brain regulates wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions?

A

The Reticular activating system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the two main sleep stages?

A

REM and NREM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how long does a full sleep cycle usually take?

A

90-110 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how many sleep cycles do people usually cycle through per night?

A

four to six cycles per night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what can we use to measure electrical activity in the brain while we sleep?

A

an EEG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how many stages does NREM have?

A

stage 1, 2, 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which type of waves are in the awake vs. drowsy stage of sleep?

A

awake: beta waves
asleep: alpha waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which type of waves are in the N1 stage of sleep?

A

Theta waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which sleep stage do hypnotic jerks and hypnogogic hallucinations occur?

A

the N1 stage

18
Q

which stage of sleep of you see sleep spindles and K complexes?

A

N2 stage

19
Q

which stage of seep of you see delta waves?

A

N3 stage

20
Q

which stage of sleep does growth hormone get released?

A

N3

21
Q

which stage of sleep has muscle paralysis, paradox sleep, memory and learning?

A

REM

22
Q

what is a micro sleep?

A

brief moments of sleep that occur when you’re actually awake

23
Q

how much sleep do healthy adults need?

A

7-9 hours

24
Q

define sleep state fragmentation in children vs. adults

A

children tend to sleep more soundly and deeply
sleep of older adults is more fragmented and lighter

25
Q

what are some health issues that can occur from insufficient sleep?

A

Chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity

26
Q

what is the difference between a primary sleep disorder and a secondary sleep disorder

A

primary: an actual health condition
secondary: disorders that occur due to other situations and correcting that situation would resolve the problem

27
Q

what are the three circadian rhythm sleep disorders?

A

jet lag/shift work sleep disruptions, advanced sleep phase disorder, delayed sleep phase disorder

28
Q

what causes obesity hypoventilation syndrome?

A

additional weight while lying on back restricts breathing

29
Q

what’s the difference between central and obstructive sleep apnea

A

central: neurological
obstructive: something physically happens to obstruct your airway

30
Q

how do you treat restless leg syndrome and periodic limb movements during sleep? (no pharmaceutical)

A

moderate daytime exercise, iron and calcium

31
Q

what are some pharmaceutical issues that could treat restless leg syndrome?

A

dopaminergic agents, anticonvulsants, benzos, opioids

32
Q

what could cause restless leg syndrome?

A

low iron, genetics, or other health conditions

33
Q

what are some risk factors for insomnia

A
  • advancing age
  • family history or insomnia
  • sex
  • lifestyle and sleep habits
  • stress
  • medical and psychiatric disorders
34
Q

what causes narcolepsy?

A

a chronic neurological disorder caused by a deficiency of neuropeptide (hypocretin)
this results in the brains inability to properly regulate sleep-wake cycles

35
Q

what is somnambulism

A

sleep walking

36
Q

what is enuresis

A

bet wetting

37
Q

true or false: sleep terrors are a dream and out can get woken up from them

A

false

38
Q

what’s the difference between sleepy and tired?

A

sleepy: how likely you are to fall asleep
tired: heavy, fatigue, more physical

39
Q

what is the highest score you can get on the epworth sleepiness scale?

A

24

40
Q

why does alcohol actually disturb sleep?

A

it promotes onset but causes early awakening and sleep disturbances

NURS 2510 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions