Week 4

Question 1

What are the normal ranges of motion for shoulder flexion?

Answer 1

0-180 degrees

Question 2

What is the normal range of motion for shoulder internal rotation?

Answer 2

0-70 degrees

Question 3

What is the positioning for PROM shoulder flexion?

Answer 3

Supine with knees flexed

Question 4

What is the goniometer alignment for shoulder flexion?

Answer 4

• Fulcrum: Close to A/C joint
• Proximal: Mid-axillary line of thorax
• Distal Arm: Humeral midline/lateral epicondyle

Question 5

What is the positioning for PROM shoulder extension?

Answer 5

Prone with head facing away from the shoulder being tested

Question 6

What is the goniometer alignment for shoulder abduction?

Answer 6

• Fulcrum: Anterior aspect of A/C process
• Proximal: Parallel to sternum/midline
• Distal Arm: Midline of humerus

Question 7

What is the capsular pattern for the shoulder joint?

Answer 7

1. External Rotation
2. Abduction
3. Internal Rotation

Question 8

What is the normal range of motion for elbow flexion?

Answer 8

0-150 degrees

Question 9

What is the goniometer alignment for elbow extension?

Answer 9

• Fulcrum: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
• Proximal: Lateral midline of the humerus
• Distal Arm: Lateral midline of radius

Question 10

What are the normal end-feels associated with elbow extension?

Answer 10

Hard (due to contact of the olecranon process and olecranon fossa)

Question 11

What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during elbow pronation?

Answer 11

Lateral to the ulnar styloid process.

Question 12

What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during elbow supination?

Answer 12

Medial to the ulnar styloid process.

Question 13

What causes the firm end-feel in elbow supination?

Answer 13

• Tension of the palmar radioulnar ligament
• Oblique cord
• Interosseous membrane
• Pronator teres and pronator quadratus muscles

Question 14

What is the greatest limitation of passive motion in the humeroulnar capsular pattern?

Answer 14

Elbow flexion.

Question 15

What follows elbow flexion in the humeroulnar capsular pattern?

Answer 15

Elbow extension.

Question 16

What is the normal range of motion for wrist flexion?

Answer 16

0-80 degrees.

Question 17

What is the normal range of motion for wrist extension?

Answer 17

0-70 degrees.

Question 18

What is the normal range of motion for radial deviation?

Answer 18

0-20 degrees.

Question 19

What is the normal range of motion for ulnar deviation?

Answer 19

0-30 degrees.

Question 20

What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during wrist flexion?

Answer 20

Lateral aspect over wrist triquetrum.

Question 21

What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during wrist radial deviation?

Answer 21

Middle of the dorsal aspect of the capitate.

Question 22

What is the capsular pattern for the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 22

= limitation flexion & extension.

Question 23

What is the capsular pattern for the midcarpal joint?

Answer 23

Slight limitation of both radial and ulnar deviation.

Question 24

What is the normal range of motion for hip flexion?

Answer 24

0-120 degrees.

Question 25

What is the normal range of motion for hip extension?

Answer 25

0-30 degrees.

Question 26

What is the normal range of motion for hip abduction?

Answer 26

0-45 degrees.

Question 27

What is the normal range of motion for hip adduction?

Answer 27

0-30 degrees.

Question 28

What is the normal range of motion for internal rotation of the hip?

Answer 28

0-45 degrees.

Question 29

What is the normal range of motion for external rotation of the hip?

Answer 29

0-45 degrees.

Question 30

What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during hip flexion?

Answer 30

Aligned with greater trochanter.

Question 31

What is the goniometer alignment for hip external rotation?

Answer 31

Fulcrum aligned with anterior aspect of the patella, proximal perpendicular to the floor, distal arm along the anterior midline of the lower leg.

Question 32

What does a positive straight leg raise test indicate?

Answer 32

Gluteal or leg pain by passive straight leg flexion with the knee in extension, correlating with nerve root irritation.

Question 33

What is the goniometer alignment for the straight leg raise test?

Answer 33

Fulcrum aligned with Greater Trochanter, proximal lateral midline of the pelvis, distal arm lateral midline of femur referencing lateral epicondyle.

Question 34

What is the capsular pattern for the femoral head and acetabulum?

Answer 34

1. Greatest limitation of Internal rotation 2. Limitation of Flexion and abduction 3. Slight limitation in Extension 4. No limitation of External Rotation or Adduction.

Question 35

What pathologies may be indicated by a positive sign of buttock?

Answer 35

Osteomyelitis, chronic septic SI arthritis, ischiorectal abscess, septic bursitis, neoplasm of upper femur, fractured sacrum.

Question 36

What is the normal range of motion for knee flexion?

Answer 36

0-135 degrees.

Question 37

What is the mean value of knee flexion during activities of daily living while walking on a level surface?

Answer 37

0-63.1 degrees.

Question 38

What is the capsular pattern for the knee?

Answer 38

Greater limitation of Flexion than Extension; no restriction of rotations.

Question 39

What is the normal range of motion for ankle dorsiflexion?

Answer 39

0-20 degrees.

Question 40

What is the goniometer alignment for ankle dorsiflexion?

Answer 40

Fulcrum: Lateral aspect of Lateral Malleolus; Proximal: Lateral midline of the fibula; Distal Arm: Parallel with the lateral aspect of the fifth metatarsal.

Question 41

Answer 41

Plane Joints -carpal joints in the wrist -tarsal joints in the ankle -facet joints in the spine Hinge Joints -knees, elbows, ankles Ball and Socket -shoulder -hip Saddle Joints -sternoclavicular joint, -incudomalleolar joint (inner ear) -rapeziometacarpal joint.  Pivot Joint -C1 and C2 rotation -between the radius and ulna that rotate your forearm

Question 42

Question 43