Any of the large phagocyte cells of the reticuloendothelial system (White blood cells)
Macrophage
“Cell-Eating” endocytosis forming a phagosome or food vacuole
Phagocytosis
Made out of proteins called tubulins
microtubules
Not stained strongly or definitely by either acid or basic dyes but stained readily by neutral dyes
Neutrophil
White blood cell stained easily by acid dye
Eosinophil
Responsible for movement of white blood cells
Pseudopod
White blood cell that stains readily by basic (alkalyne) dye
Basophil
Biggest reservoir in spleen, phagocytic WBC having a single well-defined nucleus and very fine granulation in the cytoplasm
Monocyte
A smart cell, colorless cell found in the blood, lymph and lymphoid tissues involved in antibody production
Lymphocyte
Known as party animals, cell or fragments circulating in blood involved in cellular mechanisms of primary homeostasis leading to formation of blood clots
Platelets or thrombocytes
A synonym for coglobulation
Haemostasis
Blockage of the pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by a blood clot
Pulmonary Embolism
Scarcity of a few or lack of
-penia
Infection of the blood or presence of bacteria in bloodstream
Septicemia
Too many immature WBC, cancer of the blood or bone marrow
Leukemia
moving in closer to midline of the body
Adduction
moving away from the midline of the body
Abduction
Immature red blood cells small & pale in cells. Low iron or malnutrition.
Hypochronic Anemia
Beta Chain, Alpha Chain and B12, iron containing respiratory pigment in red blood cells of vertebrates consisting of about 6% heme and 94% globin
Hemoglobin
Takes Oxygen from hemoglobin. A single chain iron-containing protein found in muscle fibers structurally similar to a single subunit of hemoglobin and having a higher affinity for oxygen than hemoglobin of the blood
Myoglobin
Acronym for a heart attack
Myocardial Infarction MI
Blood supply to the heart interrupted
AMI - Acute Myocardial Infarction
A restriction of blood
Ischemia
A complex network of lymphoid organs
lymphatic system
Masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
Adenoids
Meaning around
Peri
Accumulation of lymphatic fluid that causes swelling in arms, legs and other parts of the body
lymphoedema
Caused by a parasite & infectious tropical disease, swelling of interstitial fluid of lymphs
lymphatic Filariasis
Formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy, swelling of any organ or tissue due to accumulation of excess lymph fluid, can also be on just one side
Edema
Metabolic; affecting everything in your body
Systemic
Surrounds the cells of multicellular animals or beings
Interstitial/intercellular/tissue fluid
Lower than normal level of lymphocytes
Lymphocytopenia
Increase in number of lymphocytes in blood
Lymphocytosis
Abnormally low number of neutrophil granulocytes (no color)
Neutropenia
Capture antigens and peptides using special receptors. Process and display the peptides so immune cells can respond/attack.
Dendritic cell
Decrease in number of circulating white blood cells
Leukopenia
Increase in number of circulating white blood cells
Leukocytosis
Tumor of the lymphnode; grows in bones; also known as Burkitt’s
Lymphoma
Inflammation of the lymphatic channels. Infection occurs at distal site
Lymphangitis
Hormone produced by the Kidney when there is a drop of Oxygen in the blood
Erythropoietin
Anemia caused by bone marrow disease
Aplastic Anemia
Low Level of Oxygen in the blood
Hypoxia
T/F Humans carry 22 pairs of chromosomes in total
False, 23
An allele that causes a phenotype (visible characteristic) only seen in homozygous genotype is also known as ____________ gene
Recessive
T/F A Genotype is solely responsible for the phenotype
False
Osis means
a formation of
Itis means
Infection/inflammation
cele means
hernia
eal, iac, and ose all mean
pertaining to
meta means
change
oma means
tumor
The organ system that moves substances to and from cells
Cardiovascular system
In Heartbeat & Heart sounds, Diastole occurs when the _______ __________
Ventricles relax
In Heartbeat & Heart sounds, Systole occurs when the _______ __________
Ventricles contract
T/F Arteries do not have valves
True, veins have valves not arteries
The rapid, irregular and unsynchronized contraction of the muscle fibers
Fibrillation
Inflammation or infection of the muscles
Myositis
A neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating weakness and fatiguability
Myastenia gravis
A group of muscles that is supplied by a nerve of the spine. Any cells in early embryos that give rise to all muscles in the body.
Myotome
muscles and joint pain
Arthromyalgia
The shrinking size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by injury, disease or lack of use
Atrophy
The under developing in size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by disease or lack of use or hormonal deficiency. Diff from Achondroplasia bc limbs are the same size as the rest of the body.
Hypotrophy
The over developing in size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by excess of use or hormonal stimulation
Hypertrophy
Inflammation of the heart sac
Pericarditis
This usually hurts when you hit your shins
Periostium
Anything inducing vomit
Hematic
Vomiting with blood
Hematemisis
A rumbling noise produced by the movement of gas thru the intestines
Borborygmus
Passage of stools containing blood
Hematochezia
CBC means
Complete Blood Count
The breaking down of a cell or bacteria
Lysis
The branch of medicine that is concerned with the lung function and disease
Pneumology
Within and behind the nose (related to the sense of smell).
Olfactory
A sack or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue.
Sinuses
Air-filled spaces, communicating with the nasal cavity, within the bones of the skull and face.
Paranasal sinuses
The paranasal sinuses are joined to the nasal cavity via small orifices.
Ostia
The section of the alimentary canal that extends from the mouth and nasal cavities to the larynx, where it becomes continuous with the esophagus.
Pharynx
Voice box
Larynx
The thin elastic cartilaginous structure located at the root of the tongue that folds over the glottis to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea during the act of swallowing.
Epiglottis
A thin-walled, cartilaginous tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs. Also called windpipe.
Trachea
The two main branches of the trachea, leading directly to the lung.
Bronchi
The fine, thin-walled, tubular extensions of a bronchus.
Bronchioles
A tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Also called air sac.
Alveoli
The region in mammals between the pleural sacs, containing the heart and all of the thoracic viscera except the lungs.
Mediastinum
A muscular membranous partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities and functioning in respiration.
Diaphragm
A thin serous membrane in mammals that envelops each lungs and folds back to make a lining for the chest cavity.
Pleura
The area through which ducts, nerves, or blood vessels enter and leave a gland or organ
Hilum
Surgical removal of the adenoids.
Adenoidectomy
The tissue of the lungs performing its function; alveoli and the small bronchioles.
Pulmonary Parenchyma
A chronic reversible respiratory disease that is characterized by sudden recurring attacks of labored breathing, chest constriction, coughing. Triggered by cold, allergies, pollution, emotional factors, and other unidentified factors.
Asthma
Defined clinically as persistent cough that produces sputum matter that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, for at least three months in two consecutive years.
Chronic bronchitis
A pathological condition of the lungs marked by an abnormal increase in the size of the air space, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. It can be caused by irreversible expansion of the alveoli or by the destruction of alveolar wall.
Emphysema
a collection of air or gas in the space surrounding the lung.
Pneumothorax
Cessation of breathing
Apnea
Difficulty in breathing
Dyspnea