Week 4 Flashcards by Donna Hernandez

Any of the large phagocyte cells of the reticuloendothelial system (White blood cells)

Macrophage

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“Cell-Eating” endocytosis forming a phagosome or food vacuole

Phagocytosis

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Made out of proteins called tubulins

microtubules

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Not stained strongly or definitely by either acid or basic dyes but stained readily by neutral dyes

Neutrophil

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White blood cell stained easily by acid dye

Eosinophil

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Responsible for movement of white blood cells

Pseudopod

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White blood cell that stains readily by basic (alkalyne) dye

Basophil

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Biggest reservoir in spleen, phagocytic WBC having a single well-defined nucleus and very fine granulation in the cytoplasm

Monocyte

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A smart cell, colorless cell found in the blood, lymph and lymphoid tissues involved in antibody production

Lymphocyte

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Known as party animals, cell or fragments circulating in blood involved in cellular mechanisms of primary homeostasis leading to formation of blood clots

Platelets or thrombocytes

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A synonym for coglobulation

Haemostasis

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Blockage of the pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by a blood clot

Pulmonary Embolism

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Scarcity of a few or lack of

-penia

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Infection of the blood or presence of bacteria in bloodstream

Septicemia

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Too many immature WBC, cancer of the blood or bone marrow

Leukemia

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moving in closer to midline of the body

Adduction

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moving away from the midline of the body

Abduction

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Immature red blood cells small & pale in cells. Low iron or malnutrition.

Hypochronic Anemia

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Beta Chain, Alpha Chain and B12, iron containing respiratory pigment in red blood cells of vertebrates consisting of about 6% heme and 94% globin

Hemoglobin

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Takes Oxygen from hemoglobin. A single chain iron-containing protein found in muscle fibers structurally similar to a single subunit of hemoglobin and having a higher affinity for oxygen than hemoglobin of the blood

Myoglobin

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Acronym for a heart attack

Myocardial Infarction MI

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Blood supply to the heart interrupted

AMI - Acute Myocardial Infarction

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A restriction of blood

Ischemia

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A complex network of lymphoid organs

lymphatic system

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Masses of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx

Adenoids

Meaning around

Peri

Accumulation of lymphatic fluid that causes swelling in arms, legs and other parts of the body

lymphoedema

Caused by a parasite & infectious tropical disease, swelling of interstitial fluid of lymphs

lymphatic Filariasis

Formerly known as dropsy or hydropsy, swelling of any organ or tissue due to accumulation of excess lymph fluid, can also be on just one side

Edema

Metabolic; affecting everything in your body

Systemic

Surrounds the cells of multicellular animals or beings

Interstitial/intercellular/tissue fluid

Lower than normal level of lymphocytes

Lymphocytopenia

Increase in number of lymphocytes in blood

Lymphocytosis

Abnormally low number of neutrophil granulocytes (no color)

Neutropenia

Capture antigens and peptides using special receptors. Process and display the peptides so immune cells can respond/attack.

Dendritic cell

Decrease in number of circulating white blood cells

Leukopenia

Increase in number of circulating white blood cells

Leukocytosis

Tumor of the lymphnode; grows in bones; also known as Burkitt's

Lymphoma

Inflammation of the lymphatic channels. Infection occurs at distal site

Lymphangitis

Hormone produced by the Kidney when there is a drop of Oxygen in the blood

Erythropoietin

Anemia caused by bone marrow disease

Aplastic Anemia

Low Level of Oxygen in the blood

Hypoxia

T/F Humans carry 22 pairs of chromosomes in total

False, 23

An allele that causes a phenotype (visible characteristic) only seen in homozygous genotype is also known as ____________ gene

Recessive

T/F A Genotype is solely responsible for the phenotype

False

Osis means

a formation of

Itis means

Infection/inflammation

cele means

hernia

eal, iac, and ose all mean

pertaining to

meta means

change

oma means

tumor

The organ system that moves substances to and from cells

Cardiovascular system

In Heartbeat & Heart sounds, Diastole occurs when the _______ __________

Ventricles relax

In Heartbeat & Heart sounds, Systole occurs when the _______ __________

Ventricles contract

T/F Arteries do not have valves

True, veins have valves not arteries

The rapid, irregular and unsynchronized contraction of the muscle fibers

Fibrillation

Inflammation or infection of the muscles

Myositis

A neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating weakness and fatiguability

Myastenia gravis

A group of muscles that is supplied by a nerve of the spine. Any cells in early embryos that give rise to all muscles in the body.

Myotome

muscles and joint pain

Arthromyalgia

The shrinking size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by injury, disease or lack of use

Atrophy

The under developing in size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by disease or lack of use or hormonal deficiency. Diff from Achondroplasia bc limbs are the same size as the rest of the body.

Hypotrophy

The over developing in size of some structure or organ of the body, usually caused by excess of use or hormonal stimulation

Hypertrophy

Inflammation of the heart sac

Pericarditis

This usually hurts when you hit your shins

Periostium

Anything inducing vomit

Hematic

Vomiting with blood

Hematemisis

A rumbling noise produced by the movement of gas thru the intestines

Borborygmus

Passage of stools containing blood

Hematochezia

CBC means

Complete Blood Count

The breaking down of a cell or bacteria

Lysis

The branch of medicine that is concerned with the lung function and disease

Pneumology

Within and behind the nose (related to the sense of smell).

Olfactory

A sack or cavity in any organ or tissue, or an abnormal cavity or passage caused by the destruction of tissue.

Sinuses

Air-filled spaces, communicating with the nasal cavity, within the bones of the skull and face.

Paranasal sinuses

The paranasal sinuses are joined to the nasal cavity via small orifices.

Ostia

The section of the alimentary canal that extends from the mouth and nasal cavities to the larynx, where it becomes continuous with the esophagus.

Pharynx

Voice box

Larynx

The thin elastic cartilaginous structure located at the root of the tongue that folds over the glottis to prevent food and liquid from entering the trachea during the act of swallowing.

Epiglottis

A thin-walled, cartilaginous tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs. Also called windpipe.

Trachea

The two main branches of the trachea, leading directly to the lung.

Bronchi

The fine, thin-walled, tubular extensions of a bronchus.

Bronchioles

A tiny, thin-walled, capillary-rich sac in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Also called air sac.

Alveoli

The region in mammals between the pleural sacs, containing the heart and all of the thoracic viscera except the lungs.

Mediastinum

A muscular membranous partition separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities and functioning in respiration.

Diaphragm

A thin serous membrane in mammals that envelops each lungs and folds back to make a lining for the chest cavity.

Pleura

The area through which ducts, nerves, or blood vessels enter and leave a gland or organ

Hilum

Surgical removal of the adenoids.

Adenoidectomy

The tissue of the lungs performing its function; alveoli and the small bronchioles.

Pulmonary Parenchyma

A chronic reversible respiratory disease that is characterized by sudden recurring attacks of labored breathing, chest constriction, coughing. Triggered by cold, allergies, pollution, emotional factors, and other unidentified factors.

Asthma

Defined clinically as persistent cough that produces sputum matter that is coughed up from the respiratory tract, for at least three months in two consecutive years.

Chronic bronchitis

A pathological condition of the lungs marked by an abnormal increase in the size of the air space, resulting in labored breathing and an increased susceptibility to infection. It can be caused by irreversible expansion of the alveoli or by the destruction of alveolar wall.

Emphysema

a collection of air or gas in the space surrounding the lung.

Pneumothorax

Cessation of breathing

Apnea

Difficulty in breathing

Dyspnea

Week 4 Flashcards

(95 cards)