Week 4: Sensation and Perception

Question 1

True or False: Perception is easy and direct/

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or False: Perception happens in the brain, not the eyes

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is the difference between sensation and perception?

Answer 3

sensation: the environment stimuli hitting the sensory organs vs perception: when the brain interprets the signals to form a representation of the enviorment

Question 4

What is the difference between sensation and perception?

Answer 4

sensation: the environment stimuli hitting the sensory organs vs perception: when the brain interprets the signals to form a representation of the environment

Question 5

What are the 5 senses?

Answer 5

vision, taste, smell, touch, and auditory

Question 6

What are other types of senses, like in animals?

Answer 6

echolocation, thermal change, electrical fields

Question 7

The visual system uses what to gather information about the enviornment?

Answer 7

light waves

Question 8

What colors represent short and long wavelengths?

Answer 8

short: purple or blue, long: red

Question 9

The brightness/ intensity of light is determined by what?

Answer 9

wave height

Question 10

What are the 4 steps of seeing?

Answer 10

1. Light hits eyes
2. Lens sends light to retina (photo receptors)
3. Transduction happens at retina
4. Information goes to brain to be interpreted

Question 11

What is transduction?

Answer 11

When sensory signals (light, pressure, sound, etc) is translated into electrical signals

Question 12

The retina is covered in what cells?

Answer 12

photoreceptors

Question 13

In our blind spot, there is no what?

Answer 13

photoreceptors

Question 14

Rods and cones are in the what?

Answer 14

retina

Question 15

Rods see in what while cones see in what?

Answer 15

grayscale and low acuity; color and high acuity

Question 16

What is in the center of the retina?

Answer 16

fovea

Question 17

What color is associated with medium cones?

Answer 17

green

Question 18

What are the opposing color pairs?

Answer 18

blue vs yellow
red vs green
black vs white

Question 19

what are the 2 visual streams to the brain?

Answer 19

ventral and dorsal

Question 20

What kind of stream is the “what” stream?

Answer 20

ventral

Question 21

What kind of stream is the “where” and “how” stream?

Answer 21

dorsal

Question 22

How many Gestalts law of perception are there?

Answer 22

7

Question 23

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain picks the simplest interpretation of something?

Answer 23

simplicity

Question 24

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain fills in gaps with familiar elements/figures?

Answer 24

closure

Question 25

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups lines with the same orientation together?

Answer 25

continuity

Question 26

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups items with similar color, shape, and texture together?

Answer 26

similarity

Question 27

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups things in close proximity together?

Answer 27

proximity

Question 28

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain groups elements moving in the same direction together?

Answer 28

common fate

Question 29

What principle of Gestalts law is when the brain sees objects as separate from surroundings?

Answer 29

figure/ground distinction

Question 30

The like hood principle is what?

Answer 30

when the brain perceives the object that is most likely to have caused the pattern of stimuli Ex: truck example from video

Question 31

True or False: Perception is not based on your knowledge.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Smell and taste are what type of senses?

Answer 32

chemical

Question 33

What are the 4 steps of smelling?

Answer 33

1. Molecules hit nose cavaties 2. Transduction happens at olfactory epithelium 3. olfactory epithelium sends neural impulses to olfactory bulb 4. Smells processed at olfactory bulb

Question 34

memories and emotional areas may be linked to what sense?

Answer 34

smell