Week 4 - States of Consciousness

Question 1

States that occur spontaneously

Answer 1

daydreaming

Question 2

hallucinations, orgasm, food or oxygen starvation

Answer 2

Physio-logically induced

Question 3

sensory deprivation, hypnosis and meditation

Answer 3

Psycho-logically induced

Question 4

_____refers to the process by which we focus our conscious awareness

Answer 4

Attention

Question 5

______has been likened to a filter through which only important information passes.

Answer 5

Attention

Question 6

_____ _______ focus of our conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

Answer 6

Selective attention

Question 7

Studied through dichotic listening tasks

Answer 7

Divided attention

Question 8

Refers to a task in which a person is asked to attended to two task at the same time

Answer 8

Divided attention

Question 9

Conscious can be measured through self-report questionnaires, brain imaging techniques and behavioural observation.
TRUE or FALSE

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The normal flow of consciousness can be measured via experience sampling techniques such as beeper studies.
TRUE or FALSE

Answer 10

True

Question 11

conscious (subjectively aware), pre-conscious(processes which are not presently conscious) and unconscious (kept from threat) is the ______ perspective

Answer 11

Psychodynamic

Question 12

_______unconscious focuses on information processing such as procedural knowledge and implicit memory

Answer 12

Cognitive

Question 13

_______ perspective: consciousness is considered analogous to a continuously moving video camera - surveying perceptions , thoughts, emotions goals.

Answer 13

Behavioural

Question 14

________ perspective: consciousness evolved as a mechanism for directing behaviour in adaptive ways - related to primitive psychology processes such as conditioning.

Answer 14

Evolutionary

Question 15

Sleep cycles are goverend by ____ _____

Answer 15

circadian rhythms

Question 16

Most dreaming occurs in REM
TRUE or FALSE

Answer 16

True

Question 17

_______ states of consciousness - the usual conscious is altered through, hypnosis, drugs, meditation

Answer 17

Altered

Question 18

deep state of tranquility by altering normal flow of conscious thoughts

Answer 18

Meditation

Question 19

deep relaxing and suggestibility

Answer 19

Hypnosis

Question 20

alcohol/depressants/stimulants - that operate on the nervous system to alter mental activity

Answer 20

Psychoactive substances

Question 21

when you hear certain notes/sounds corresponding colours appear . Feeling emotions when seeing numbers or letters.

Answer 21

Synaesthete

Question 22

Two functions of the consciousness

Answer 22

monitors self and environment

Question 23

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex - exerting conscious control (involved in working memory and conscious) is activated when people exercise ________ control

Answer 23

conscious

Question 24

Anterior cingulate (monitors conflicts)is activated during this task

Answer 24

Stroop colour naming task

Question 25

when you divert information that may be relevant but find it emotionally upsetting.

Answer 25

Selective attention

Question 26

following two conversations is an example of divided _______

Answer 26

attention

Question 27

divert information that may be relevant but emotionally upsetting, a process is called ______ _______

Answer 27

selective inattention

Question 28

Attention consist of 3 functions

Answer 28

1. Orienting to sensory stimuli 2. Controlling behaviour and the contents of consciousness 3. Maintaining alertness

Question 29

used to study normal flow of consciousness

Answer 29

Experience sampling

Question 30

Thalamus and pre frontal cortex play a role in shining a conscious spotlight on _______ , _______ and perceptions

Answer 30

thought's, feelings and perceptions

Question 31

We cycle through these stages every _____ minutes and it may shorten as we age

Answer 31

90

Question 32

stages 3-4

Answer 32

low wave (delta sleep) - waves are known as delta waves - groggy to wake up people up in these stages

Question 33

easy to wake up delta - slow eye rolling movements, high level of chin movement

Answer 33

Stage 1

Question 34

low amplitude waves known as sleep spindles and high wave amplitudes known as K-complexes, lower amplitude in the chin - 20 mins in stage

Answer 34

Stage 2

Question 35

brain is active -dreaming stage - rapid eye movements

Answer 35

REM

Question 36

How much sleep do we need?

Answer 36

7-9 hrs

Question 37

Sleep deprivation can cause:

Answer 37

Depression Weight gain Suppression of immune cells Poor Performance

Question 38

Regulated by the brains suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) Links to the pineal gland, which secrets melatonin

Answer 38

Circadian Rhythms

Question 39

______ neurons are active during the daytime and inactive at night

Answer 39

suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN)

Question 40

The natural alarm clock which enable us to wake up is caused by a burst of the stress hormone adrenocorticotropin TRUE or FALSE

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Circadian rhythm is controlled largely by the _________ but is largley influenced by light

Answer 41

hypothalamus

Question 42

melatonin levels diminish during daylight TRUE or FALSE

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Hypnotic susceptibility

Answer 43

the capacity to enter deep hypnotic states

Question 44

disrupts the flow of consciousness

Answer 44

Meditation - relaxation practice - state of tranquillity

Question 45

deep relaxation and suggestibility

Answer 45

Hypnosis

Question 46

any drug that operates on the nervous system to alter patterns of mental activity

Answer 46

Psychoactive substances

Question 47

__________ are chemical substances that carry messages to other neurons, muscles or glands.

Answer 47

Neurotransmitters

Question 48

________ - a drug that increases the activity of a neurotransmitter

Answer 48

Agonist

Question 49

________ - drug that inhibit or decreases the action of a neurotransmitter

Answer 49

Antagonist

Question 50

reactions opposite to that of the drug; increase tolerance

Answer 50

Compensatory responses

Question 51

decreasing responsiveness to a drug overtime

Answer 51

Tolerance

Question 52

Increase alertness, energy and autonomic reactivity - heart rate and blood pressure

Answer 52

Stimulants amphetamines - cocaine

Question 54

sensations and perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimulation.

Answer 54

Hallucinogens

Question 55

drugs that operate on the nervous system to alter mental activity

Answer 55

psychoactive substances coffee, nicotine, cocaine and heroin

Question 56

Slows down the nervous system

Answer 56

Alcohol & depressants downers such as barbiturates and benzodiazepine

Question 57

a mental state of consciousness fully absorbed in the activity

Answer 57

Flow