Week 4: The Role of Theory in Psychological Research Flashcards
(21 cards)
ENUMERATION:
Why do we need theories in research?
- To organize what we already know
- To predict future behavior or outcomes
- To create new research questions
ENUMERATION:
What are the types of theories in Psychology?
- Formality
- Scope
- Approach
IDENTIFICATION: Determine if it’s Phenomenon, Theory, Hypothesis based on the given definition
What’s Happening?/Observed Behavior
Phenomenon
IDENTIFICATION: Determine if it’s Phenomenon, Theory, Hypothesis based on the given definition
Why it’s happening?/Explanation
Theory
IDENTIFICATION: Determine if it’s Phenomenon, Theory, Hypothesis based on the given definition
What we expect to see if the theory is correct
Hypothesis
IDENTIFICATION: Formality of Theories
Uses math or programming; precise
Formal
IDENTIFICATION: Formality of Theories
Simple concepts; easy to understand
Informal
IDENTIFICATION: Scope of Theories
Covers many behaviors
Broad
IDENTIFICATION: Scope of Theories
Focuses on specific behavior
Narrow
ENUMERATION:
What are the three approach of theoretical approaches?
- Functional
- Mechanistic
- Stage/Typological
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct theoretical approach based on the given focus
Why behavior exists
Functional
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct theoretical approach based on the given focus
How variables interact
Mechanistic
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct theoretical approach based on the given focus
Stages or Categories
Stage/Typological
ENUMERATION:
What are the steps of Hypothetico-Deductive Method?
- Observe a Phenomenon
- Pick or build a theory
- Formulate a hypothesis
- Conduct a study
- Analyze results and revise theory
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct type of Formality Theory based on the given example
- ACT-R
- Prospect Theory
Formal
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct type of Formality Theory based on the given example
- Freud’s Unconscious Theory
- Arousal Theory
Informal
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct type of Formality Theory based on the given example
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Broad
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct type of Formality Theory based on the given example
Subitizing Theory (quick counting)
Narrow
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct approach of Theoretical Approach based on the given example
Self-injury reduces emotional pain
Functional
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct approach of Theoretical Approach based on the given example
Neuroticism + Low Control → Anxiety
Mechanistic
IDENTIFICATION: Determine the correct approach of Theoretical Approach based on the given example
Maslow, Piaget, Personality Types
Stage/Typological
