Week 5 Flashcards by Hajer .

Operating System:

A computer program that makes it so people, hardware, and software can interface with each other in a meaningful way.

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Graphical User Interface

An operating system interface that allows a user to interact with the computer by displaying pictures, icons

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Command Line Interface

An operating system interface that allows a user to interact with the computer by displaying text on a screen

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Disk Management

A role of the operating system that helps keep storage devices well organized and maintained.

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Service Management:

A role of the operating system that runs processes or programs automatically in the background.

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Device Management :

The role of the operating system that determines the hardware that is connected to the system.

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Access Control/Protection :

A role of the operating system that requires users to log in with their credentials before accessing sensitive information on the computer.

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Windows Registry:

A database that stores settings for the operating system and other programs. These settings are stored as keys and values

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Registry Editor:

A utility of the Windows operating system which lets you view and change all the keys in the registry.

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types of operating system

1_ mobile device OS (Android, IOS)
2_ Workstation OS (windows, macOS, Linux)
3_ server OS
4_ Firmware (Gaming console, Television, Smart cars(
5_Hypervisor (Run multiple virtual machine)

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Utility Software:

Software that analyzes, configures, and optimizes the computer, including backup software, compression software, disk cleaners, and antivirus software.

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Device Drivers:

Software that allows an operating system to communicate with hardware devices, such as printers, video cards, scanners, and cameras.

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Firmware:

Preinstalled, read-only software on a device that tells it how to work.

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Basic Input/output System (BIOS):

A simple program that’s written directly into the motherboard’s hardware (ROM) used to initiate hardware in the booting process.

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CMOS:

The CMOS, is a chip where the BIOS settings are stored.

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Power-on Self Test (POST):

A test that ensures that all the system’s hardware is in working order before loading the operating system.

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UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) :

is a graphical boot tool that is utilized to configure the BIOS for the end user

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Virtualization:

The process of running a virtual instance of a computer system on its own partition.

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Virtual Machine:

A file that acts like a computer but only exists virtually.

Productivity Software:

Software that is used to perform common tasks in a business or home offices such as word processing, spreadsheets, web browsing.

Collaboration Software:

Software that facilitates the sharing, processing, and management of data between members of a team.

Business Software:

Software designed for advanced or specialized business functions such as database management, project management, customer relationship

Netiquette:

The rules of etiquette that should be observed while using computer networks, such as the internet.

Malicious Software Infection:

A kind of software that can harm a computer and compromise security.

Internet:

The worldwide system of interconnected computers and public networks.

The Web:

Short for world wide web. Digital content that is delivered over the internet, usually through a web browser.

Internet Service Providers (ISP):

A company that provides individuals and businesses access to the internet and other related services.

IP Address:

A numerical label that is assigned to devices so they can connect and communicate on a network.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP):

A set of rules that govern the transfer of web content between computers.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP): .

A set of rules that govern the transfer of files between computers

Universal Resource Locator (URL):

The reference or address to a resource on the Internet.

Domain Name System (DNS):

A system and set of rules that associates domain names (such as web servers) with unique IP addresses with easily readable name.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP-IP):

A set of rules that facilitates internet communication.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML):

A computer language that web pages use to display content through web browsers.

Intranet:

A private network, usually hidden from the internet and protected by a security device, uses the same technologies that are used on the internet and may or may not be connected to the internet.

Voice over IP (VoIP):

A technology that sends voice phone calls using the TCP/IP protocol over digital data lines.

Wi-Fi:

A technology that allows devices to communicate on a wireless network.

Internet of Things (IoT):

A computing concept that describes the network of physical devices and everyday devices that communicate with the internet.

Web Application:

A program or app that uses the internet and a web browser to complete a task.

Browser Extension:

Software that adds functionality to a web browser.

Client-Side Scripting:

The process of transferring source code from a web server to a web browser and running that code directly in the browser.

Certificate:

A digital document that contains encryption keys.

Caching:

The storing of information associated with particular websites that allows a browser to redisplay data without having to reload it from the website

Proxy Server:

A device that stands as an intermediary between an application such as a web browser and the Internet. A proxy server intercepts all requests and can use filter rules to allow or deny internet traffic.

process/memory management

computer works by executing list of instructions the, OS makes sure that is process is sent to the CPU in an orderly way