week 5 Flashcards
(27 cards)
1
Q
power
A
- the capacity to determine the outcome of one’s own as well as others
2
Q
structural power
A
- shapes how society operates and determining which groups of people have/lack access to resources, education, autonomy, jobs etc
- men hold more structural power, women sometimes have more dyadic power
3
Q
dyadic power
A
- the capacity to choose intimate partners and relationships and to control the interactions and decisions that shape those relationships, including the distribution of emotional, social, and material resources within them.
- lower status and vulnerable women are at risk when men outnumber them
4
Q
sex ratio theory
A
- ratio of men to women in a given environment influences the levels of dyadic power that the sexes hold
5
Q
ways of exerting power (pratto and walker)
force
A
- the capacity to inflict physical or psychological harm
6
Q
ways of exerting power (pratto and walker)
resource control
A
- controlling the creation/distribution of essential goods and services
7
Q
ways of exerting power (pratto and walker)
cultural ideologies
A
- sets of beliefs and assumptions about groups that explain and justify unequal social hierarchies
8
Q
androcentrism
A
- men and their experiences as universal
9
Q
ethnocentrism
A
- tendency to view one’s own culture as universal
10
Q
heterocentrism
A
- refers to the assumption that heterosexuality is the norm
11
Q
stereotypes…
A
- legitimize/justify power held by men and ethnic dominants
- ethnic control of resources = ambitious instead of controlling/greedy
- agentic male stereotype, except from obligations towards others, justifies authority positions
12
Q
privilege
A
- automated, unearned advantage associated with belonging to a dominant group
- absence of barriers/hardships
- dominant group may fail to notice these benefits
- white, male, heterosexual, cisgender, able bodied, christian, middle class
13
Q
double jeopardy hypothesis
A
- individuals who belong to 2 or more subordinate groups will experience more discrimination than individuals who belong to just one subordinate group
14
Q
intersectionality invisibility hypothesis
A
- experiences of people with multiple subordinate identities are sometimes ignored or disregarded
- vs experience of dominant group members are considered the cultural default
15
Q
ambivalent sexism
hostile sexism
A
- justifies men’s dominance over women by portraying women as inferior to men
- antagonistic and derogatory beliefs
16
Q
ambivalent sexism
benevolent sexism
A
- “positive” beliefs portraying women as wonderful, pure, worthy of protection
- patronizing nature, unrecognized form of gender bias
17
Q
harmfulness of benevolent sexism
A
- pacifying effect on women, suppressing fight against unfair treatment
- less sympathy, more controlling
- perpetuation of rape culture
18
Q
sexual objectificaton
A
- reduces women/girls to mere objects/sexual attributes
- subjecting them to use, manipulation, control
19
Q
self-objectification
A
- internalizing and fixating on a perspective of oneself dominated by appearance
- treating oneself as a sexual object
- women do this more when exposed to benevolent/complementary sexual stereotypes
20
Q
ambivalent attitudes towards men
A
- people hold ambivalent attitudes towards men that mirror their attitudes towards women
- hostile: resentment towards men viewed as arrogant, power hungry, sexual predatory
- benevolent: positive attitudes about men’s role as protectors and providers, should be cared for domestically by women
21
Q
social dominance theory (SDO)
A
- extent to which people believe that social groups should be equal vs hierarchal
- high SDO = believe inequality is right and fair
- high among dominant groups, protects their own interest
- positive associations between high SDO, sexism, racism
22
Q
system justification theory
A
- subordinate group members endorse more favourable stereotypes about the dominant group than their own group
- unfairness feeling insecure, motivated to justify the system they are in
23
Q
gender discrimination
A
- unjust treatment based solely on one’s sex, sexual orientation or gender identity
24
Q
microagressions
A
- everyday insults directed towards members of subordinate social groups
25
confronting prejudiced response model
attributional ambiguity
- difficulty people have in attributing negative treatment to discrimination when other possible explanations are present
26
confronting prejudiced response model
personal group discrimination discrepancy
- members of social groups may perceive that discrimination occurs more often towards their social group in general than it occurs to them personally
27
affirmative action
- efforts to combat discrimination by increasing opportunities for protected groups
