Week 5

Question 1

Challenges to global environmental governance on climate change

Answer 1

• Financial resources
• Alternative energy
• Public awareness
• Political power of fossil fuel industries

Question 2

Divide between north-south on climate negotiations

Answer 2

North:
- Agenda setting
- Public funding for climate projects
- Primarily has focused on mitigating climate change

South:
- Embrace policies that reduce welfare losses in nations that rely on petroleum exports
- Equity concerns: to pursue economic development at least to some degree

Question 3

Climate change debate

Answer 3

• no scientific consensus of the kind that had promoted agreement on CFCs
• Disagreements over the significance of human activities.
• The structural divide between North and South
• US refusal to participate

Question 3

Theoretical argument: risk or threat

Answer 3

• Environmental change contributes to the incidence of internal conflict and
  even inter-state war
• Climate change represented a more significant threat than terrorism
• ‘Securitize’ the environment—to characterize changes in the environment as
  a security problem
• Climate change is a security risk rather than a security threat