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FoMM > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Trace Ig’s

A

IgD and IgE

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2
Q

Immediate response Ig

A

IgM

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3
Q

Mucosal Immunity Ig

A

IgA

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4
Q

Ig that crosses placenta

A

IgG

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5
Q

Memory response Ig

A

IgG

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6
Q

Opsinization Ig

A

IgG

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7
Q

Complement activation Ig

A

IgM and IgG

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8
Q

Hypersensitivity (Allergy) Ig

A

IgE

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9
Q

Opsinization

A

IgG binds to coated bacterium –> Fc region binds to Fc receptors of Macrophage –> Macrophage endocytosis and degradation of bacterium

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10
Q

Myeloma Ig increase

A

IgG increase

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11
Q

Hybridomes

A

Fusion of Myeloma and immunized B cell –> creates monoclonal antibodies

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12
Q

Toll like receptor

A

Interact with foreign microbes

Contain molecular patterns shared with microbes

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13
Q

Macro IgM

A

Pentamer w/ J-chain linkage

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14
Q

Macro IgA

A

Dimer with J-chain

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15
Q

CDR

A

Complement determining region

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16
Q

Coombs test

A

Use Coombs reagent to determine Rhesus immune response

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17
Q

Direct Coombs test

A

Take fetal RBC –> add coombs reagent –> Agglutination = anti rhesus antibodies present on RBC’s

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18
Q

Indirect Coombs test

A

Maternal serum –> add Rh+ RBC’s –> Agglutination = mother has anti rhesus antibodies

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19
Q

Rhogam

A

Anti Anti Rh antigens

Give to mother - binds to RH + cells and prevents immune response

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20
Q

Lead

A

Nervous system damage

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21
Q

Arsenic

A

Poison in energy metabolism

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22
Q

Mercury

A

Nervous system damage

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23
Q

Cadmium/nickel

A

Occupational cancer

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24
Q

Asbestos

A

Lung, mesothelioma

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25
Vinyl Chloride
Liver, angiosarcoma
26
Benzene
Lymphoma
27
Epigenetic Effect
Effect that modifies gene - methylation Reversible
28
Fetal Programming
Epigenetic factors of mother can alter fetal gene expression
29
Concordance
If one twin has the trait does the other 1= 100% 0= 0%
30
Primary vitamin deficiency
Lack of intake
31
Secondary vitamin deficiency
Lack of absoprtion
32
Vit A function
``` Vision Protein synthesis/cell differentiation - Epithelial cells -Embryonic development -Glycoprotein synth Bone development Immunity ```
33
Beta-Carotene
Precursor to Vit A | Antioxidant
34
Vit A deficiency
``` Night blindness Change in skin integrity Change in mucous membrane integrity Bone/Embryo development Immunity impairment ```
35
Carotenemia
Too much beta carotene | Yellowish skin color
36
Water soluble vitamins
``` Digestion in stomach/SI Absorption - Passive/Active depending on concentration Transport - Free form or protein bound Excretion - Kidneys Storage - Minimal except B12 ```
37
Vit C roles
``` OxiRed Rxns -Reduction of iron -Collagen synth Immunity Antioxidant -Protection ```
38
Microtubule size
``` 20-25nm Parallel lines (longitudinal) or perfect circles (cross section) ```
39
Microtubule polarity and assembly
Hollow polar structure | Assembly is GTP dependent
40
Dyeines
Move toward minus end of microtubule
41
Kinesins
Move toward plus end of microtubule
42
Centriole
One pair per cell 9 triplets of microtubules at right angles In center of cell
43
Colchicine
Binds tubulin and prevents polymerization Gout
44
Vinblastine
Binds microtubules and prevents mitotic spindle Chemotherapy
45
Taxol
Binds microtubules and prevents depolymerization Chemotherapy
46
Cilia
Core of microtubules. 9 in circular formation around 2 in center Actively move
47
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
PCD, Kartageners syndrom Impaired ciliary movement due to loss of inner/outer dynein arms Male infertility (immotile sperm) Sinusitus, bronchiectasis, situs inversus
48
MIcrofilaments
Formed from actin monomers, ATP driven assembly Forms helical aray
49
Microfilaments size/polarity
6-8nm diameter | Polar
50
Microfilament function
Cell extension and movement
51
Phalloidin
Labels actin filaments | Binds and prevents depolymerization
52
Cytochalasins
Binds actin and prevent polymerization
53
Intermediate filaments
Organize as tetramers, antiparallel --> non polar 8-10nm filaments
54
Desmosomes/Hemidesmosomes
Membrane proteins that anchor cell to cell and cell to connective tissue Interact with intermediate filaments
55
Ceramide
Sphingosine + acyl group attached to serine nitrogen
56
Sphingosine
Palmitic acid + serine
57
Cerebroside
Ceramide + 1 carbohydrate
58
Gangliosides
Ceramide + 2 carbohydrates | 1 is sialic acid
59
Ganglioside function
Nervous system Receptors (bacterial toxins) Antigenic Cell communication Membrane enzymatic activity
60
General gangliosidosis
Defect in GM1-beta galactosidase Build up of GM1 ``` Mental retardation Liver enlargement Skeletal deformities Autosomal recessive Fatal ```
61
Tay-Sachs
Defect in Hexosaminidase-A Buildup of GM2 Mental retardation and blindness Autosomal recessive Fatal
62
Sandhoff's disease
Hexoaminidase A and B defect Buildup of GM2 Tay-sachs symptoms but faster progression
63
Fabry's
Defect in alpha-galactosidase Buildup of Cer-Glu-Gal-Gal ``` X linked Kidney failure Lower extremity pain Reddish/purple skin rash Not fatal ```
64
Lactosyl Ceramidosis
Defect in beta-galactosidase (From lactosyl ceramide only) Buildup of Lactosyl ceramide Brain damage Liver/spleen enlargement Autosomal recessive
65
Gaucher's disease
Defect in beta glucosidase Buildup of Glucosyl-ceramide ``` Liver/spleen enlargement Mental retardation Erosion of long bones Autosomal recessive Sometimes fatal: mild - severe forms ```
66
Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
Defect in aryl sulfatase (from Sulfatide) Buildup of Cer-Gal-SOH3 Mental retardation Demyelination Progressive paralysis Death in teen/later years
67
Krabbe disease
Defect in Beta galactosidase (from Cer-Gal) Buildup of galactosyl-ceramide Mental retardation Total loss of myelin Particles accumulate in brain
68
Niemann Pick disease
Defect in sphingomyelinase Buildup of Sphingomyelin Mental retardation Hepato/splenomegaly Fatal early in life
69
Farbers disease
Ceramidase defect Buildup of Ceramide Painful, deformed joints Fatal early in life
70
Sandhoff's activator disease
Symptoms of tay-Sachs but Hexoaminidase activity normal Buildup of GM2 Defect in activator protein for HexA --> can't degrade GM2
71
Keratins
Intermediate filaments associated with epithelium
72
Desmin
I.F - Muscle
73
Vimentin
I.F - Mesenchyme
74
GFAP
I.F - Glia
75
NF-L, NF-H, NF-M
I.F - Neurons
76
Lamins
I.F - Nuclear envelope
77
Epidermolytic Bullosa Simplex
Deficiency of keratin proteins (I.F's) | Skin blistering disorders

FoMM (5 decks)

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