WEEK 5-6 Motivation and Leadership Flashcards
(21 cards)
——— ————– is defined as the motivation to engage in a behavior because of the inherent satisfaction of the activity rather than the desire for a reward or specific outcome.
Intrinsic motivation
——– ——— is a catalyst for action that is driven by external rewards.
Extrinsic motivation
3 Theories of Motivational Behaviour
motivation that come under the following three headings:
Behavioural Approaches
Content Theories or Approaches
Process Theories
Introducing an attaractive stimuli to increase or continue repeat a behaviour (most effective form - in the workplace)
Positive Reinforcement
Removing a unpleasant stimulus to inrease or continue a behaviour (may only cause avoidant behaviour)
Negative Reinforcement
Applicant of an unpleasant stimulus to drecearse a behaviour (not as efective as others)
Negative Reinforcement
Herzbegs theory of motivation =
Two Factor Theory
Two Factors of Herzbergs Theory
Higiene and Motivator factors
4 Content Theories for motivation
Maslow Needs Heirarchy Theory
McClelland Learned Needs Perspective
Herzberg Two Factor Theory
Hackman & Oldhams JCM obs Characteristics Model
MClellands Needs is a more specific conceptualisation of what Theory
Maslow Needs Heirarchy Needs Theory
McClellands 3 Learned Needs are
Accomplisment,
Affliation (soical approval)
Power (influence others)
3 Psychological Experiences in the H & O JCM
Meaningfulness of work
Task Identity - knowing what the task is part of as a whole
Knowledge of results - feedback from the job
In Two Factor Theory Hygiene factors do not directly cause motivation but they contribute name some, without them we would be unhappy
(prevent negative attitudes and alleviate unpleasantness - dissatisfied, unmotivated
Pay
Status
Security
Working Conditions
Fringe Benefits
Policy and Admin Practices
Interpersonal relationships
In Two Factor Theory Motivator factors determine psitive job attitudes and satisfy need for growth
Meaningful work
Challenging work
Recognition of accomplishment
Increased responsibility
Oppurtunity for growth
The Job Instelf
A weakness of 2 Factor Theory
Vague or subject definitions and catagorisation of what factors count as hygiene and what is motivation
3 Types of Process Theories are (interaction between person and task characteristics)
Goal Setting and Feedback
Equity Theory
Expectancy Theory
Expectancy Theory
People value fairness, inputs and outputs compare to others - organisational justice
Goals influence behaviour in four ways
provide direction
Motivational force
Persistence
Search for other strategies
Goals are most effective when
strategic
challenging (not too easy)
have been accepted by the person (IMORTANT!)
Participation and feedback are salient
Expectency Theory and its 3 factors
effort will result in the task being performed
Performance will lead to certain outcomes
The outcome is important (Valence)
