Week 5 Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are Muscles?
Contractile structures built in hierarchal way
What are the functions of muscles?
Maintains posture, stores energy, produced heat, produced movement and changes chemical to mechanical energy
What is a muscle injury?
It is damage to the muscle or attaching tendons due to pressure or sudden movements
What is the definition of a grade 1 muscle strain?
Tearing of a few muscle fibres with mild pain and minimal loss of strength. Pain is elicited with resisted active contraction and passive stretching. Patient may be able to continue with activity after the injury
What is the defintion of a grade 2 muscle strain?
Involve partial tearing of muscle fibres with some strength loss. Significant pain elicited with unopposed active contraction and with passive stretching.
What is the definition of a grade 3 muscle strain?
Including tearing of the entire muscle with significant loss of strength
What is a grade 0 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?
Focal neuromuscular injury with normal MRI (generally DOMS)
What is a grade 1 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?
Fascial injury- can extend to up to 10% tear of muscle
What is a grade 2 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?
Tear between 10-50% of cross sectional area (associated with twisting injury)
What is a grade 3 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?
Tear greater than 50% or greater than 5cm
What is a grade 4 on the Pollock grading scale of muscles?
Complete tear
What does the suffix of A mean on the Pollock grading scale?
Myofascial
What does the suffix of B mean on the Pollock grading scale?
Musculotendinous (muscle belly/MTJ)
What does the Suffix of C mean on the Pollock grading scale?
Intratendinous
What are the causes of muscle injuries?
Excessive tensile/shear force applied causing muscle fibres to fail. The eccentric muscle action most common.
What happens within a the muscle during a muscle injury?
Ruptures cell and basal cell membrane damaging surrounding connective tissue and tears blood vessel
What are the symptoms of a muscle injury?
Pain on active contraction, pain on passive stretching, reduction in strength, decreased ROM and muscle spasm
What is the prognosis of a muscle injury?
Difficult to diagnose, avoid precise timeframe, soft tissue healing times depend on extent of damage, variable depending on influencing factors.
Muscle strains involving tendons have a longer healing time
What is stage 1 management of an acute muscle strain?
Reduce pain, swelling, weakness and improve ROM
What is stage 2 management of an acute muscle strain?
Controlled movements at slow speed- prevent excessive lengthening
What is stage 3 management of an acute muscle strain?
Prevent excessive scar forming with massage
What is stage 4 management of an acute muscle strain?
Gradual return to increased speed/amplitude training and eccentric resistance
What would the ROM be like during a muscle strain assessment?
Active ROM will be painful, passive will be painful due to stretch
What will the pain be like during a muscle strain assessment?
The more pain, the more fibres torn generally
