Week 5 ANS

Question 1

Alpha 1 stimulation

Answer 1

Contract smooth muscle

CNS stimulations

Question 2

Alpha 1 stimulation: blood vessels

Answer 2

vasocontriction to non-essential organs

Question 3

Alpha 1 stimulation: GI

Answer 3

relax smooth muscles and decrease motility

Question 4

Alpha 1 stimulation: Liver

Answer 4

gycoeogenesis

Question 5

Alpha 1 stimulation: bladder

Answer 5

contraction

Question 6

Alpha 1 stimulation: uterus

Answer 6

contraction

Question 7

Alpha 1 stimulation: pupils

Answer 7

dilation

Question 8

Alpha 1 stimulation: medication example

Answer 8

pseudoepinephrine to treat nasal congestion by vasocontriction

Question 9

Alpha 1 Inhibition

Answer 9

Relax smooth muscle

Vasodilation

Question 10

Alpha 1 inhibition: bladder

Answer 10

increase urine flow

Question 11

Alpha 1 inhibition: medication example

Answer 11

Tamsulosin to improve urine flow

Question 12

PSNS: Acetylcholine does what

Answer 12

stimulates muscarinic receptors

Question 13

Drugs that replicate the stimulation of muscarinic receptors are called what

Answer 13

cholineric

Question 14

PSNS

Answer 14

Causes smooth muscle contraction that results in decreased heart rate, bronchocontriction, increase GI/GU, pupillary constriction

Question 15

PSNS direct acting: pilicarpine

Answer 15

cause cilliary muscle to contract and drain aqueous humor

Question 16

PSNS direct acting: Bethanechol

Answer 16

stimulates bladder causing urinary output

Question 17

PSNS indirect acting: Pyridistigmine

Answer 17

reverse muscle weakness MG

Question 18

PSNS indirect acting: Physostigmine

Answer 18

used to treat insecticide poisoning

Question 19

PSNS indirect acting: Donepezil

Answer 19

Enhances memory with AD

Question 20

SNS Alpha 2 stimulation

Answer 20

vasodilation

Question 21

SNS Alpha 2 stimulation medication example

Answer 21

Clonidine to treat hypertension

Question 22

SNS Alpha 2 inhibition

Answer 22

Not used clinically

Question 23

SNS Beta 1 Stimulation

Answer 23

primarily stimulates heart with increased heart rate and contractility
– also causes kidneys to release renin

Question 24

SNS Beta 1 Stimulation Med example

Answer 24

Dobutamine to treat acute heart failure to increase cardiac output

Question 25

SNS Beta 1 inhibition

Answer 25

"Selective Beta Blocker" used to decrease heart rate and BP

Question 26

SNS Beta 1 inhibition med example

Answer 26

metoprolol to decrease heart rate and blood pressure

Question 27

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation

Answer 27

Primarily relax smooth muscle

Question 28

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: blood vessels

Answer 28

vasodilation

Question 29

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: lungs

Answer 29

bronchodilation

Question 30

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: GI

Answer 30

decreased motility

Question 31

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: liver

Answer 31

glyconeogenesis

Question 32

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation: uterus

Answer 32

relaxation

Question 33

SNS Beta 2 Stimulation medication example

Answer 33

albuterol or bronchodilation

Question 34

SNS Beta 2 Inhibition

Answer 34

"Non-selective Beta Blockers" block Beta-1 and Beta-1 receptors so also cause bronchoconstriction

Question 35

SNS Beta 2 Inhibition medication example

Answer 35

Propanolol blocks Beta-1 and Beta-2 receptor so lowers BP but inadvertently causes bronchoconstriction

Question 36

PSNS Anticholinergic: Slude

Answer 36

``` Salvation decreased lacrimation decreased urinary retention drowsiness/dizziness GI upset eye (blurred/dry) can cause constipation and confusion ``` avoid with glaucoma

Question 37

PSNS Atropine

Answer 37

Inhibits salivary and bronchial secretions and sweating - dilate pupil and increase HR - decrease motility of GI/GU - inhibit gastric acid secretion

Question 38

PSNS Oxybutynin

Answer 38

Relax overactive bladder

Question 39

PSNS Benztropine

Answer 39

Reduces tremors and muscles rigidity in Parkinson's or treat EPS with antipsychotics

Question 40

PSNS Scopolamine

Answer 40

Decrease GI motility and secretions for motion sickness

Question 41

Catecholemine examples

Answer 41

Alpha Receptor Agonist Beta Receptor Agonist Epinephrine Norepinephrine

Question 42

Basics of the ANS

Answer 42

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord | - sensory and motor neurons

Question 43

What does the ANS control

Answer 43

involuntary responses in the body

Question 44

What kind of receptors do the SNS and PSNS have

Answer 44

SNS - alpha (1 and 2) and beta (1 and 2) receptors | PSNS - nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Question 45

What are examples of Postganglionic Neurons

Answer 45

1. Cholinergic - Acetylcholine 2. Adrenergic - norepinephrine - epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 46

What stimulates the SNS receptors (alpha 1 and 2 and beta 1 and 2)

Answer 46

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 47

What is adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics

Answer 47

SNS receptors

Question 48

What is an adrenergic antogonist

Answer 48

SNS receptors

Question 49

cilia

Answer 49

remove mucous and debris from nasal cavity (cold air slows the movement results in runny nose in cold weather)

Question 50

Diseases of respiratory system

Answer 50

``` allergies anaphylaxis asthma bronchitis cold COPD ```