Week 5 - data and databases

Question 1

Big data

Answer 1

• still an evolving area of research and application concerning data sets of scale
• different approaches are required for efficient analysis

Question 2

What does data have to be before analysis

Answer 2

• cleaned (removal of any errors or inconsistencies)
• prepared (transformed into a format that can be analysed)

Question 3

Techniques to extract information for data analyses

Answer 3

• identifying patterns
• statistics
• building predictive models

Question 4

Types of knowledge

Answer 4

Explicit - easy to communicate and shared, often written or other forms
implicity - embedded in peoples skills, experiences and intutition

Question 5

How knowledge can be contextually applies

Answer 5

• information and decision making
• problem solving
• product development
• service delivery

Question 6

Database definition

Answer 6

An organised collection of data, can be physical or electronic

Question 7

Flat tile databases

Answer 7

• typically individual files
• some formats are unstructured and volatile
• some formats may be more technical but offer greater strucutee

Question 8

Relational databases

Answer 8

• intended to address issues around data redundancy, data siilos and data complexity
• strong theoretical foundation, maturity and wide support

Question 9

How is data stored in relational databases

Answer 9

1. columns - individual items of data
2. rows - a record containing all relevant attributes

Question 10

Entity relationship diagram

Answer 10

• a model produced following the systematic analysis of business processes
• helps to define and describe any created or required data
• identify and describe any relationship between objects and things within the real world

Question 11

Domain definition

Answer 11

The real world context in which entities exist

Question 12

Entity definition

Answer 12

An object or something which exists independently

Question 13

Relationship definition

Answer 13

How one entity is related to another within the domain

Question 14

Cardinality definition

Answer 14

A numerical representation of the nature of the relationship between entities, can be visual

Question 15

Database management systems

Answer 15

Software for managing and storing data in a structured and efficient way

Question 16

Structured query language

Answer 16

A domain specific programming language, used to manage and work with data stores