Week 5 Lab: Specimen Collection

Question 1

usually collected early in the morning but can be collected throughout the day during scheduled “sweeps” (collection times) on the floors or from outpatients

Answer 1

Routine Samples

Question 2

Means “as soon as possible.” The response time for the collection of this test sample is determined by each hospital or clinic and may vary by laboratory tests.

Answer 2

ASAP Samples

Question 3

sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately

Answer 3

Stat Samples

Question 4

npo (non per orem); “nothing by mouth”

Answer 4

Fasting Sample

Question 5

Types of Sample?

Answer 5

1. Fasting Sample
2. Timed Samples
3. Blood Culture

Question 6

Fasting Samples are used for what test?

Answer 6

• FBS
• Lipid Profile

Question 7

Timed Samples are used for what test?

Answer 7

• Glucose Tolerance Tests
• 2-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
• Lactose Tolerance Test

Question 8

Liquid portion of unclotted blood, with anticoagulant, contains albumin, globulin and fibrinogen

Answer 8

Plasma

Question 9

Liquid portion of clotted blood, without anticoagulant, contains albumin and globulin

Answer 9

Serum

Question 10

Blood is collected directly into the evacuated tube, eliminating the need for the transfer of specimens and minimizing the risk of biohazard exposure.

Answer 10

Evacuated Tube System

Question 11

Evacuated Tube System includes what materials?

Answer 11

• Double-pointed needle
• Needle holder
• Color-coded evacuated tubes

Question 12

refers to the diameter of the needle bore

Answer 12

Needle gauge

Question 13

Relationship between the gauge number and the diameter of the needle?

Answer 13

The smaller the gauge number the bigger the diameter of the needle. (and vice versa; indirectly proportional)

Question 14

made of rigid plastic and may be designed to act as a safety shield for the used needle

Answer 14

Needle Holders

Question 15

This organization directs that holders must be discarded with the used needle.

Answer 15

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Question 16

To protect phlebotomists from accidental needlesticks by contaminated needles.

Answer 16

Needle Disposal Systems

Question 17

Needle Disposal Systems should be?

Answer 17

Rigid, puncture-resistant, leakproof disposable “sharps” containers labeled BIOHAZARD that are easily sealed and locked when full.

Question 18

Evacuated tubes are also known as?

Answer 18

Vacutainers

Question 19

Vacutainers are available in?

Answer 19

glass and plastic

Question 20

The amount of blood collected in an evacuated tube ranges from _____________ and is determined by the size of the tube and the amount of vacuum present.

Answer 20

1.8 to 15 mL

Question 21

Order of Draw?

Answer 21

• Blood cultures (yellow stopper tubes, culture bottles)
• Light blue stopper tubes (sodium citrate)
• Red/gray, gold stopper tubes (serum separator tubes), red stopper plastic tubes (clot activator), and red-stopper glass tubes
• Green stopper tubes and light green (plasma separator tubes) (heparin)
• Lavender stopper tubes (EDTA)
• Gray stopper tubes (potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride)
• Yellow/gray or orange stopper tubes (thrombin clot activator)

Question 22

Syringe routinely used for venipuncture range from?

Answer 22

2 to 20 mL

Question 23

For single draw and for drawing blood from patients with small or fragile veins.

Answer 23

Syringe

Question 24

True or false: Blood drawn in a syringe is immediately transferred to the appropriate evacuated tubes to prevent the formation of clots.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

True or false: It is acceptable to puncture the rubber stopper with the syringe needle and allow the blood to be drawn into the tube.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

for performing venipuncture from very small or very fragile veins often seen in children and in the geriatric population

Answer 26

Winged Blood Collection Set

Question 27

True or false: Always hold the apparatus by the needle wings and not by the tubing.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Other Venipuncture Equipment?

Answer 28

* Tourniquets * Vein locating devices * 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine swabs * 2x2 inch gauze pads * Bandage or adhesive tape * Phlebotomy collection tray * Slides * Antimicrobial hand gel * Marking pen

Question 29

Types of gloves?

Answer 29

1. powdered and powder-free 2. latex and nonlatex (vinyl, nitrile, neoprene, and polyethylene)

Question 30

True or false: Gloves with powder are recommended.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

__________ can be worn under latex gloves for persons that develop an allergic dermatitis to gloves.

Answer 31

Cotton glove liners

Question 32

Used for locating veins that are not easily visible such as in infant, pediatric, and elderly patients.

Answer 32

Vein Locating Devices

Question 33

use high-intensity LED lights that shine through the patient’s subcutaneous tissue; highlight the veins by absorbing the light rather than reflecting it

Answer 33

Venoscope II & Neonatal Transilluminator

Question 34

True or false: You can extract blood from patients while they are receiving intravenous medication because these solutions will not influence the chemical analysis.

Answer 34

False. Do not extract blood from patients while they are receiving intravenous medication because these solutions may influence the chemical analysis.

Question 35

Never draw out the syringe without removing first the tourniquet to avoid?

Answer 35

hematoma

Question 36

Avoid prolonged application of tourniquet to avoid?

Answer 36

hemoconcentration

Question 37

Whole Blood has?

Answer 37

Plasma and formed elements

Question 38

True or false: Needles should be visually examined before use to determine if any structural defects, such as nonbeveled points or bent shafts, are present.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

It contains a premeasured amount of vacuum for blood collection.

Answer 39

Evacuated tubes/Vacutainers

Question 40

The Order of Draw is recommended by which organization?

Answer 40

CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute)