Week 5: People’s context for health: understanding Canada’s healthcare system

Question 1

hospitals in the early 1900s

Answer 1

Three criteria hospital admission

• Advanced stage TB
• Poor
• Relative had to consent to autopsy

Distrust of experimenting physicians (but there was no choice)

Hospital fee for service
- Paying customers did not have to promise bodies for research

Question 2

hospitals post WW2

Answer 2

Institution based

With medicare anyone could go to the hospital and get treated for free

Question 3

Medicare

Answer 3

First public hospital insurance plan

1984 Canada health act “medicare”
- Universal public health insurance system to ensure all residents have access to necessary medical procedures

Question 4

Canada Health Act

Answer 4

Public Administration
- Provincial and territorial places operate via a public authority on a non-profit basis

Comprehensiveness
- All medically necessary services (hospital and physician) are covered

Universality
- Individuals are entitled to receive care free of discrimination based on race, income, gender, religion, or ethnicity

Portability
- Individuals have access to healthcare in other provinces and territories without cost or penalty

Accessibility
- Reasonable access to care must be available based on medical need, not the ability to pay

Question 5

organization and governance of health care

Answer 5

Federal jurisdiction
- Health promotion for groups, financing health services, national policy

Provincial and territorial jurisdiction
- Make own plans

Professional jurisdiction
- Like nursing, make standard of practice and code of conduct and ethics

Question 6

4 pillars of primary healthcare

Answer 6

4 key pillars

Teams – team of healthcare professionals working with client to improve care

Healthy living – focus on prevention, chronic illness management and self care

Access – right care right time by most suitable professional

Information – health care professional improve use of technology

Question 7

5 levels of health care

Answer 7

Health promotion
- Address SDoH

Disease and injury prevention
- Ex, immunization clinics

Diagnostic and treatment
- Primary (early detection, early diagnosis), secondary (hospitalization, cared for by specialty nurses) and tertiary care (special care of complicated cases)

Rehabilitation

Supportive care

Question 8

who is the client

Answer 8

Who is the client

• Individual
• Family
• Community

Question 9

family centred approach - in context

Answer 9

Individual within context of the family
- Ex, nurse interview man with heart disease and ask wife about diet and ability to improve

Family with the individual as context
- Ex, nurse interview adult daughter MS asks how she feels about having mom home