Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

D1 Spring - Histopathology > Week 5 - Periodontal & Gingival Fiber Ligaments > Flashcards

Week 5 - Periodontal & Gingival Fiber Ligaments Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Where are gingival fiber ligaments located?

A

Coronally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the gingival fiber ligament do for the marginal gingiva?

A

Provide rigidty and density to the marginal gingiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the gingival fiber ligament act as for the alveolar bone?

A

Periosteum (attachment zone) for the interproximal crestal alveolar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What width does the gingival fiber ligament provide?

A

One half of the biologic width
- 2mm barrier space between restoration and edge of pocket depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the gingival fiber ligament do in terms of protection?

A

Protective barrier for the crestal alveolar bone against the spread of gingival inflammation apically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does gingival fiber ligament inhibit?

A

The apical migration of the junctional epithelium
- to keep the pocket depth at a minimum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the fiber groups of the GFL?

A
  • alveologingival
  • circular (alveolar crest to gingival tissue)
  • dentogingival (tooth to gingiva)
  • dentoperiosteal (tooth to periosteum (alveolar crest))
  • semicircular (stabilize buccal lingually)
  • transseptal (tooth to tooth; keep stable mesiodistally)
  • transgingival (buccal to lingual papilla to stay in tact)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the biological width?

A

The area of the junctional epithelium and gingival fiber ligament attached to the root of a tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does the biological width extend from?

A

The most coronal attachment of the junctional epithelium to the crestal alveolar bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does violation of the biological width due to placement of overextended restoration margins result in?

A

Chronic inflammation and induce loss of supporting alveolar bone with formation of a diseased periodontal pocket
- ‘body saying you are too close to the alveolar crest, i need that 2mm of space so back off’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the measurements of the biological width

A

Junctional epithelium:
0.98mm
- Used in measuring pocket depth. Where probe is pushed down and cannot go farther
Gingival fiber ligaments:
1.02
= 2.00mm of biological width results

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens if there is violation of the biologic width?

A

Chronic irritation and possibility to do crown lengthening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is the periodontal ligament?

A

More apical than GFL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the functions of the PDL?

A
  • supportive (suspends tooth in socket)
  • regenerative (undifferentiated cells for repair and cementum/bone repair)
  • nutritional (blood vessels to deliver)
  • sensory (tactile receptors)
  • protective (cushioning tooth)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What cells if the PDL derived from?

A

Ectomesenchymal cells (neural crest) in the intermediate zone of the dental follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do cells in the most peripheral zone (outer) of the dental follicle give rise to?

A

Alveolar bone proper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do cells in the most proximal (inner) give rise to?

A

Cementoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How does the PDL help with development?

A

As tooth grows, the PDL fibers contract and push tooth up into mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How is the PDL made?

A

Due to interlocking branches from both sides
- embedding of collagen fibers of the PDL into cementum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the embedding of collagen fibers of the PDL into cementum?

A

Sharpey’s fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What provides support for the principle fiber groups of the PDL?

A

Indifferent fiber plexus of small diameter collagen fibers in random orientations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are resident cell populations of the PDL?

A
  • fibroblasts (repair collagen)
  • osteoblasts (repair bone)
  • cementoblasts (repair cementum)
  • macrophages (immune response, resorption)
  • undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (backup to make mature cells)
  • endothelial cells (line blood vessels)
  • epithelial cells (come form gingiva)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the PDL fiber groups?

A
  • alveolar crest
  • horizontal
  • oblique
  • apical
  • interradicular (in furications of multirooted teeth)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do x-sectional views of the PDL show?

A

The arrangement of fibers that resist torque-like force on the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the function of apical fiber groups?
Resist vertical force
26
What is the function of oblique fiber groups?
Resist intrusive force
27
What is the function of horizontal fiber groups?
Resist horizontal and tipping force
28
What is the function of alveolar crest fiber groups?
Resist vertical force
29
What is the function of interradicular fiber groups?
Resist vertical and lateral force
30
What do all PDL fiber groups together tend to resist?
Rotational forces
31
What is the function of transseptal fiber groups?
Resist tooth separation
32
What is the function of dentogingival fiber groups?
Resist gingival displacement
33
What is the function of alveologingival fiber groups?
Resist gingival displacement
34
What is the function of circumferential fiber groups?
Resist gingival displacement
35
What is the function of semicircular fiber groups?
Resist gingival displacement and tooth separation
36
What fibers can succumb to orthodontic relapse?
Transseptal fibers Semicircular fibers PDL principle fiber groups
37
What are interstitial spaces?
Areas centered around vascular spots
38
What are PDL interstitial spaces a soruce of?
Mesenchymal cells that can differentiate into cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and fibroblasts
39
What is the function of cementoblasts?
Regeneration and repair of cementum following injury - continuous physiologic deposition of cementum
40
What is the function of osteoblasts?
Continuous physiologic remodeling of supporting alveolar bone - Regeneration and repair of bone following orthodontic therapy or disease
41
What is the function of fibroblasts?
involved in collagen production and physiologic collagen degradation
42
What is ankylosis?
Fusion of cementum directly with the surrounding alveolar bone, without the intervening PDL
43
When do tissues use ankylosis?
As a reparative response to PDL injury
44
What dictates the type of response when using anyklosis?
Degree of injury and type of cells that respond
45
How do cells respond in a significant injury?
the cells that respond are from the surrounding alveolar bone, the result will be ankylosis
46
How do cells respond in a slight injury?
responding cells are from the PDL (i.e. undifferentiated cells), these cells have the potential to regenerate all tissues involved in tooth support, and the PDL will be restored
47
What are the steps of ankylosis injury repair?
1. site of injury 2. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cell 3. Macrophages and fibroblasts 4. PMN response (inflammatory reaction to remove damaged tissue) 5. Restored PDL or loss of PDL depending on severity
48
What is the wound healing response of the PDL?
1. Undifferentiated cells migrate into the area, as macrophages and PMN’s remove damaged tissues. 2. Fibroblasts and/or osteoblasts replace the damaged tissue. 3. A mast cell response is usually present, in which heparin and histamine are released – this inflammatory response helps the necessary cells reach their target
49
How can the PDL be used in wound healing?
"Flap surgery" - scrape bone so cells can come in and cause tissue to form when bleeds
50
How can PDL be used in guided tissue regeneration?
A surgical technique of regenerating the periodontal attachment apparatus on periodontally involved teeth, which uses the differentiation of mesenchymal cells in the interstitial spaces of the PDL and marrow spaces of adjacent alveolar bone
51
How does the membrane work in guided tissue regeneration?
The membrane excludes gingival epithelial tissues from the deeper part of the wound, and allows only cells from the existing PDL to repopulate the wound - they want cells to grow up NOT down
52
What are epithelial rest cells of malassez?
Remains of hertwig's root sheaths when some areas don't fuse, duct like appearance
53
What is the purpose of epithelial rest cells of malassez?
Unknown purpose
54
Where are epithelial rests more prevelent?
In apical areas of adolescents
55
What may epithelial rests have an effect on?
Cementogenesis
56
What is a lateral periodontal cyst?
It is believed to arise from epithelial rests (epithelial rest of Malassez in the PDL), when stimulated
57
Where does a lateral periodontal cyst occur?
Along the lateral root surface tx: surgical removal
58
What is the gingival cyst derived from?
Odontogenic epithelial when the epithelial rests of serres cells become active
59
Where is the gingival cyst?
Connective tissue of the gingiva known as the epithelial rests of Serres (remainders of dental lamina)
60
What is treatment for gingival cysts?
Surgical intervention
61
What does orthodontic tooth movement result in?
Compression of the PDL on the side of the root corresponding to the direction of movement
62
What does compression of the PDL result in?
loss of principle fiber orientation and resorption of adjacent bone
63
What is the PDL on the tooth root opposite the compression side characterized by?
tension or stretching of the PDL principle fibers
64
What does controlled tension result in?
Bone apposition
65
What is trauma from occlusion?
excessive functional stresses placed on a tooth by an antagonist (or removable prosthesis) that exceeds the limits of physiologic adaptation
66
What are examples of trauma from occlusion?
* Resorption of alveolar bone parallel to the long axis of the root * A PDL that is wider than normal average width (i.e., > 0.17 mm in adult) * Tooth mobility
67
What is disuse atrophy?
A tooth with no occlusal antagonist will exhibit: * A significant decrease in density of bony trabeculae * Decreased width of the PDL (< 0.17 mm) * Loss of orientation of the principle fibers of the PDL * Increased volume of the bone marrow spaces

D1 Spring - Histopathology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions