Week 5 Tissue Membranes Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a tissue membrane?
A flat sheet of pliable tissue that covers or lines parts of the body.
What are the four types of epithelial membranes?
Mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial (note: synovial has no epithelium).
Where are mucous membranes found?
Lining cavities that open to the exterior (e.g. digestive, respiratory, reproductive tracts).
What are key components of mucous membranes?
Epithelial layer with goblet cells and tight junctions, and an areolar connective tissue layer (lamina propria).
What is catarrh?
Inflammation of mucous membranes resulting in thick mucus – linked to colds and infections.
Where are serous membranes found?
Lining internal cavities that do not open to the exterior (pleura, pericardium, peritoneum).
What layers make up serous membranes?
Parietal (lines cavity) and visceral (covers organs) layers.
What is the function of serous membranes?
Secrete serous fluid to reduce friction between organs.
What condition is associated with the pericardium?
Pericarditis – inflammation causing fluid accumulation and pressure on the heart.
What are the main layers of the skin?
Epidermis (keratinized stratified squamous epithelium) and dermis (connective tissue).
What are the 4 major cell types in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells.
Name the five layers of thick skin.
Stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum.
Which layer of the epidermis provides strength and flexibility?
Stratum spinosum – contains desmosomes and keratinocytes.
What layer forms a waterproof barrier?
Stratum corneum – 25–30 layers of dead keratinized cells with lipids.
What causes psoriasis?
Faster division of basal keratinocytes leading to premature, immature shedding.
What are stretch marks (striae)?
Tears in the dermis, particularly the reticular region.
Where is tattoo ink deposited?
In the dermis.
What pigments affect skin colour?
Melanin (pheomelanin and eumelanin), haemoglobin, and carotene.
What is albinism?
Inherited lack of melanin production due to tyrosinase deficiency.
What is vitiligo?
Autoimmune loss of melanocytes in patches of skin.
What is cyanosis?
Bluish skin due to low oxygen levels.
What are the types of wound healing?
Epidermal (surface only) and deep wound healing (extends to dermis/subcutis).
What are the four stages of deep wound healing?
Inflammatory, migratory, proliferative, maturation.
What is fibrosis?
Pathological formation of excessive scar tissue due to dysregulated collagen turnover.
