WEEK 6 Flashcards by Jullana Bareng

IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The brain’s capacity to continue growing and evolving in life experiences

Neuroplasticity

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The capacity to be shaped, molded, or altered

Plasticity

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

The ability for the brain to adapt or change over time by creating new neurons and building new networks

Neuroplasticity

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Refers to the creation of new brain cells

Neurogenesis

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Certain regions of the brain, particularly the cerebellum can generate new cells throughout adult life

FALSE, it is the hippocampus that can generate new cells throughout adult life

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

After a limb is amputated or lost, most people continue to feel sensation in that body part

TRUE

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Neurons continue to transmit __________ ___________ about the body part that they previously controlled

Sensory Information

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

To stimulte neuproplasticity, it is necessary to use the mind and body to reshape the brain

TRUE

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Running an hour per day (5 times per week) can increased brain matters in the hippocampus.

FALSE; It is walking an hour per day that can increased brain matters

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

Stress strengthens BDNF

FALSE; it weakens BDNF

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

What is the meaning of BDNF?

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

It stimulates release of substance

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

Sets in motion the growth of new synaptic connections and bolster the strength of signals transmitted from neuron to neuron.

Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEUROPLASTICITY

People who have endured traumatic brain injuries have revealed the remarkable capacity for the brain to change and heal

TRUE

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

She was tragically shot in the head in 2011 could not speak following the incident, but music therapy helped her to recover the ability to express herself.

US Representative Gabrielle Gifford

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True or False - NEUROPLASTICITY

Study on British taxi drivers found that memorizing the city streets led to changes in the memory center, the prefrontal cortex

FALSE; it led to changes in the hippocampus

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True or False - NEUROPLASTICITY

The dynamic capacity of the brain to rewire itself in response to experience makes a case for lifelong stimulation to maintain optimal brain health and to decrease the risk of dementia and degenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease.

TRUE

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IDENTIFICATION - NEUROPLASTICITY

All of these are an example of Nonpharmacologic Methods, EXCEPT:

Engaging in positive social interactions
Engaging in play
Being in enriched and stimulating environments
Utilizing of aspirin
Developing a sense of purpose in life

Utilizing of aspirin

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IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

Refers to the idea that neurological differences, such as those seen in autism or ADHD, reflect normal variations in brain development.

Neurodiversity

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IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

Neurodiversity was first coined in the 1990s by Australisn Sociel Scientist named ____________, who is herself on the autism spectrum.

Judy Singer

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

The term neurodiversity originally referred most to ADHD

FALSE; it is originally referred most to autism

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IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

It is normal and have existed throughout human history

Neurological Differences

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TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY

Modifying the environment of a neurodiverse individual, reducing stigma, and prioritizing each person’s inherent dignity will, proponents argue, allow for such individuals to discover innate talents and thrive within a diverse society functional brain change

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TRUE

IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY

The Austrian pediatrician and medical theorist who referred to children with precocious aptitude as “little professors”

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Hans Asperger

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY** What company developed a hiring program geared solely toward those on the spectrum **(people who would never make it through a standard phone interview)** to increase the diversity of its workforce?

Microsoft

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY** Microsoft hired **more than 500 people** on the spectrum

**FALSE;** they hired **more than 100** people

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODIVERSITY** In what country did the **technology company SAP** moved on an initiative to hire hundreds of individuals on the spectrum as softwre engineers and product-testers.

Germany

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODIVERSITY** People with neurological differences should be respected, understood, and supported, rather than pathologized or viewed as disordered.

TRUE

**ENUMERATION - NEURODIVERSITY** What are the other companies that hire the neurodiverse?

* Goldman Sachs * JPMorgan Chase * Dell

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Chronic conditions that damage and destroy parts of the nervous system over time, especially the brain.

Neurodegenerative Diseases

**ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** What are the **types** of Degenerative Brain Diseases?

* Dementia-Type Diseases * Demyelinating Diseases * Parkinsonism-Type Diseases * Motor Neuron Diseases * Prion Diseases

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Cause **progressive damage** to various areas of the brain, causing neurons in several areas of the brain to die

Dementia-Type Diseases

**ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** What are the symptoms of someone who has Dementia-Type Diseases?

* Confusion * Memory Loss * Trouble Thinking/Concentrating * Behavior Changes

**IDENTIFICATION:** Dementia-Type Diseases includes all of these conditions **EXCEPT:** * Alzheimer’s disease * Frontotemporal dementia * Parkinson's Disease * Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) * Lewy body dementia * Limbic predominant age-related TDP=43 encephalopathy (LATE).

Parkinson's Disease

**IDENTIFICATION:** Involve **myelin damage or loss** which affects sending and relaying of nerve signals

Demyelinating Diseases

**ENUMERATION:** What are the diseases include in Demyelinating Diseases?

* Multiple Sclerosis (MS) * Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD)

**IDENTIFICATION:** All of these are the symptoms of Demyelinating Diseases **EXCEPT:** * Tingling or numbness * Pain * Muscle Spasms * Shaking and Tremors * Weakness and Paralysis * Coordination issues and fatigue

Shaking and Tremors

**IDENTIFICATION:** Happen because of **damage to specific neurons in the brain** that help manage coordination and precise control of muscle movements.

Parkinsonism-Type Diseases

**IDENTIFICATION:** What is an example of Parkinsonism-Type Diseases?

Parkinson's Disease and other form of parkinsonism

**ENUMERATION:** What are the symptoms that are **often involved** in Parkinsonism-type diseases?

* Slowed Movements * Shaking and Tremors * Balance Problems * Shuffling Steps * Hunched Posture

**IDENTIFICATION:** Happens when neurons that control movements die off

Motor Neuron Diseases

**IDENTIFICATION:** **Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig’s disease)** and **Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP)** are known as what type of diseases?

Motor Neuron Diseases

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Motor Neuron Diseases can lose muscle control that causes weakness and eventually paralysis

TRUE

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Type of **protein misfolding disease** that cause serious brain damage in a relatively short time

Prion Diseases

**IDENTIFICATION:** What is the **most common** Prion Diseases?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENARATIVE DISEASES** Most people who have prion diseases **survives** for more than a year

**FALSE;** they **don't survive** for more than a year

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Degenerative brain diseases are **uncommon** but happen often enough to be common knowledge.

TRUE

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Degenerative Brain Diseases affects **more than 50 million people** worldwide

TRUE

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Neurodegenerative Disease **develops slowly** and the effects and symptoms tend to appear later in life.

TRUE

**ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** What are the **risk factors** in Neurodegenerative Diseases?

* Age * Genetics * Environment * Area where you live * Medical History * Habits, Routine, and Choices

**ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** What can we do to **prevent** having a Neurodegenerative Diseases?

* Eat a balanced diet * Stay physically active and maintain a healthy weight * Wear safety equipment as needed * See primary care providers annually

**ENUMERATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** How to **take care of loved ones** with Neurodegenerative Disease?

* Don't treat them like an invalid or burden * Ask what they need * Offer help * Take care of yourself

**IDENTIFICATION - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** What is **the goal** in treating the neurodegenerative diseases?

Treat the symptoms and slow the progress of the conditions when possible

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** Neurodegenerative Diseases has a **sudden damage** and can destroy parts of the nervous system

**FALSE;** it has a **gradual damage**

**TRUE OR FALSE - NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES** These conditions are permanent and incurable, but many are treatable because of medical advances.

TRUE

WEEK 6 Flashcards

(55 cards)