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PAI > Week 6: Adult assessment > Flashcards

Week 6: Adult assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What is a referral question?

A
  • whether the client is suffering from a mental disorder
  • the likely cause of the problem
  • client’s current level of psychological functioning
  • appropriate treatment
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2
Q

Why is it important to clarify a referral question?

A
  • needed to frame the approach
  • needed to figure out assessment
  • will affect result interpretation
  • will affect recommendations
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3
Q

What are the three sources of treatment evidence when finding out appropriate treatment for a client from a referral question?

A
  • evidence base
  • what the client would find helpful
  • clinical expertise
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4
Q

What should you consider when clarifying the referral question

A
  • is the client referred by another professional?
  • has the client self referred?
  • is the question too broad?
  • are the expectations realistic
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5
Q

What is a clinical interview?

A

Asking the client a series of questions (closed and open) related to them and the referral question

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6
Q

Describe a closed question

A

Only has concrete answers - yes/no, date of birth

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7
Q

Describe an open question

A

‘tell me about that’ - has an unrestricted number of answers

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8
Q

Why is the clinical interview good?

A
  • allows the psychologist to establish rapport
  • provide important information
  • determine if the client understands what is happening to them
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9
Q

What kind of information can a psychologist convey during the clinical interview?

A
  • the purpose and nature of psych assessment
  • what the client or patient is expected to do
  • confidentiality of information collected during assessment
  • need for informed consent
  • who will have access to the information and how it will be used
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10
Q

What kind of information is collected during history taking?

A
  • demographic data
  • medical history (self and family)
  • family history
  • educational and vocational history
  • psychological history
  • forensic history (depending on the client)
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11
Q

List the four factors in case formulation

A
  • predisposing
  • precipitating
  • perpetuating
  • protective
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12
Q

Describe predisposing factors

A
  • set up vulnerability for the client
  • could be innate, genetic, family history etc
  • generally early life problems like interaction with parents
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13
Q

Describe precipitating factors

A
  • what triggered the problem for the client?
  • bullied in primary school?
  • when did they first start recognising the feelings
  • could be a rough week of work
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14
Q

Describe perpetuating factors

A
  • what keeps the problem going/in a loop?

- ways of thinking about the problem/avoidance strategies

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15
Q

Describe protective factors

A
  • the clients strengths

- e.g. intelligence, motivation, personality factors

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16
Q

List three rapport tips

A
  • be comfortable with silence and let people turnover things
  • be enthusiastic and empathic, but not to the point that it seems overdone
  • be confident and positive in the approaches you’re using
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17
Q

What is a mental status exam?

A

A comprehensive set of questions and observations used by a psychologist to systematically assess the mental state of a client

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18
Q

List the parts of a mental status exam

A
  • appearance
  • behaviour
  • orientation
  • memory
  • sensorium
  • affect
  • mood
  • though content and process
  • intellectual resources
  • insight
  • judgement
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19
Q

Describe appearance

A

How are they dressed? Is it appropriate for the climate? Are they malodorous?

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20
Q

Describe behaviour

A

Are they polite or respectful? Extroverted, disinhibited? Downcast, crying?

21
Q

Describe orientation

A

Does the client know what time it is? Do they know when their birthday is? Are they lucid?

22
Q

Describe memory

A

Does the client show any problems with immediate, recent or remote memory?

23
Q

Describe sensorium

A

Is the client able to attend and concentrate?

24
Q

Describe affect

A

Does the client display a range of emotions?

25
Q

Describe mood

A

What is the general mood displayed by the emotion

26
Q

Describe thought content and process

A

What does the client want to focus on during the interview? Are they able to clearly explain ideas?

27
Q

Thought content

A

What are they thinking about; what are they speaking about

28
Q

Thought form

A

Styles of thinking; tangentiality

29
Q

Describe intellectual resources

A

e.g. does the client have good verbal ability?

30
Q

Describe insight

A

Is the client aware that there is a problem and do they know what is causing it?

31
Q

Judgment

A

Does the client have the ability to make their own decisions? Can they make plans and solve problems?

32
Q

List some common psychological tests

A
  • Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale
  • Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory
  • personality assessment inventory
  • beck depression inventory
  • depression anxiety stress scale
33
Q

Describe the Personality Assessment Inventory

A
  • 344 self report relating to clinical diagnosis, treatment and psychopathology in 18+
  • false, slightly true, mainly true, very true
34
Q

Describe the Millon adolescent clinical inventory

A
  • focused on adolescents
  • 160 item self report
  • 13-19 years
35
Q

Describe the BDI

A
  • 18-30 years to assess depression
36
Q

Describe the BAI

A
  • 21 item self report for presence and extent of anxiety in adults and adolescents
  • asked to indicate how much they have been bothered by symptoms during the last week
  • 4 point scale
37
Q

Describe the DASS

A
  • 42 item self report scale for depression, anxiety and stress for 17+
38
Q

What is the DSM?

A

A mental health diagnostic system that allows clinicians to have a common understanding of mental health conditions

39
Q

Describe how the DSM is used for organisation

A
  • clinicians need a clear guide to make clear and effective decisions
  • they require a guide that is updated regularly and consistent with current research and social expectations
40
Q

Why is the DSM useful?

A
  • gives clinicians a clear guide
  • helps treatment planning
  • helps statistical and reporting requirements for resourcing mental health services
41
Q

Describe the ICD classification system

A
  • is used for disorders more widely

- has ICD codes for the same things as the DSM but helps with doctors communicating diagnoses

42
Q

What is in section 1 of the DSM?

A
  • how the DSM5 was developed

- philosophy of DSM5

43
Q

What is in section 2 of the DSM?

A
  • all the clinical disorders including diagnostic criteria, features, prevalence, development, course and prognosis, culture and gender issues, diagnostic markers, differential diagnosis
44
Q

What is in section 3 of the DSM?

A
  • emerging measures and models
  • assessment measures
  • cultural formulation
  • a proposed alternative model of personality disorders
45
Q

Common intelligence test

A

WAIS

46
Q

Common personality test

A

MMPI

47
Q

Common psychopathological tests

A

Personality assessment inventory, Millón adolescent clinical inventory

48
Q

Common depression scales

A

Beck depression inventory, beck anxiety inventory, depression anxiety stress scale

49
Q

When is a DSM diagnosis useful?

A

When it leads to a treatment or management plan that can assist the individual, their family or the community

PAI (11 decks)

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