Week 6 Lecture Material

Question 1

what are the boundaries of the gluteal region

Answer 1

superior: crest of ilium
median: sacrum and coccyx
inferior: sacrotuberous ligament and ischial tuberosity.
laterally: greater trochanter

Question 2

the top of the iliac crest is at about which vertebral level

Answer 2

L3-L4.

Question 3

what are some things that attach to the ASIS

Answer 3

the sartorius, internal oblique, transverse abdonimus and ilioinguinal ligament

Question 4

what comes out of the greater sciatic foramen

Answer 4

the superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Question 5

cutaneous innervation?

Answer 5

superior cluneals from dorsal rami L1-3
middle cluneals from dorsal rami S1-3
inferior cluneals from posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
braches subcostal (T12), iliohypogastric and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve.

Question 6

T12-L1 are the ____

Cluneals are the ___

Answer 6

hips, butt

Question 7

muscles of the butt region are primarily involved with

Answer 7

abduction and lateral rotation of the thigh.

Question 8

what innervates the butt muscles

Answer 8

inferior and superior gluteal nerves

Question 9

what are the inferior and superior gluteal nerves branches off of

Answer 9

the lumbosacral plexus

Question 10

what are some rotators

Answer 10

quadratus femoris and obturator internus.

Question 11

sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 11

from the PIIS, sacrum, coccyx to the ischial tuberosity

Question 12

sacrospinous ligament

Answer 12

from sacrum and coccyx to ischial spine.

Question 13

which ligament is more anterior? the sacrospinous of tuberous

Answer 13

sacrospinous

Question 14

the sacrospinous ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament transform the what into foramina

Answer 14

the greater and lesser sciatic notches.

Question 15

Gluteus maximus

Answer 15

O: ilium posterior to gluteal line, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament and coccyx
I: gluteal tuberosity and ITB
N: inferior gluteal nerve
A: extends hip run/climb and sit to stand, and laterally rotates.

Question 16

Piriformis

Answer 16

O: pelvic surface of sacrum
I: grater trochanter
N: nerve to piriformis
A: lat rotation and extension.

Question 17

from superficial to deep, how do the butt muscles go

Answer 17

maximus, medius, minimus.

Question 18

where does the inferior gluteal nerve go

Answer 18

through the greater sciatic notch under the piriformis.

Question 19

Gluteus medius

Answer 19

O: ilium (between iliac crest and sup. gluteal line)
I: greater trochanter
N: superior gluteal nerve
A: abducts and medially rotates hip

Question 20

Obturator internus

Answer 20

O: obturator membrane
I: greater trochanter
N: nerve to obturator internus
A: laterally rotates and extends thigh.

Question 21

obturator internus is sandwiched underneath what

Answer 21

the gemellus muscles

Question 22

Superior Gemellus

Answer 22

O: ischial spine
I: greater trochanter
N: nerve to obturator internus
A: lat rotate and extend thigh

Question 23

Inferior Gemellus

Answer 23

O: ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter
N: nerve to quadratus femoris
A: laterally rotate and extend thigh

Question 24

Quadratus femoris

Answer 24

O: ischial tuberosity
I: intertrochanteric crest
N: nerve to quadratus femoris
A: laterally rotate and extend thigh.

Question 25

Gluteus minimus

Answer 25

O: ilium between superior and inferior gluteal lines I: greater trochanter N: superior gluteal nerve A: abduct and medially rotate

Question 26

Obturator Externus

Answer 26

O: obturator membrane I: trochenteric fossa N: obturator nerve A: adduct and laterally rotate thigh

Question 27

Tensor Fascia Lata

Answer 27

O: iliac crest I: ITB N: superior gluteal nerve A: abducts and flexes thigh

Question 28

How does the ITB and fascia lata interact

Answer 28

the FL in sandwiched between the layers of the ITB

Question 29

what bone does the ITB attach

Answer 29

the tibia

Question 30

Superior gluteal nerve and vessels pass through the ____ just ___ to the piriformis

Answer 30

greater sciatic foramen superior to the piriformis

Question 31

what do the superior gluteal vessels provide to

Answer 31

the superficial gluteal Maximus. also pass between the glut med and min to reach the TFL

Question 32

inferior gluteal nerve and vessels exit the ___ just __ to the piriformis. innervate what

Answer 32

grater sciatic foramen just inferiorly. innervate the deep surface of the gluteal Maximus

Question 33

Where does the sciatic nerve pass though. inferior or superior to piriformis?

Answer 33

the greater sciatic foramen and inferior to piriformis

Question 34

what muscles does the sciatic nerve run posterior to

Answer 34

the obturator interns, gemelli and quadrates femoris

Question 35

posterior femoral cutaneous nerve. how does it run, where does it supply cutaneous info to and what does it give off

Answer 35

runs medial to sciatic nerve supplies cutaneous of posterior thigh gives off inferior cluneals which is the bottom of the butt.

Question 36

in what percent of people does the sciatic nerve pass under the piriformis

Answer 36

87.3%

Question 37

which of the two nerves in the sciatic nerve may pass either in or above the piriformis? by what percents?

Answer 37

the common peroneal (12.2 through, and 0.5% above).

Question 38

what nerve runs in through the greater sciatic foramen and out of the lesser sciatic foramen

Answer 38

pudendal nerve

Question 39

what muscles does the obturator internus nerve supply

Answer 39

the obturator internus and the superior gemelli.

Question 40

the nerve to the quadratus femoris also supplies what

Answer 40

the inferior gemelli.

Question 41

cluneals means....

Answer 41

BUTT

Question 42

the superior gluteal artery and vein give rise to what? where are they?

Answer 42

the superficial branch of the superior gluteal branch and the deep gluteal branch. Superficial goes to gluteal max (superficial). the deep goes between the medius and minimus

Question 43

the medial femoral circumflex anastomoses with the ___

Answer 43

inferior gluteal artery and vein

Question 44

the circumflex arteries wrap around...

Answer 44

the head and neck of femur

Question 45

what are the superficial gluteal muscles

Answer 45

the glut max, med and min.

Question 46

deep gluteal muscles

Answer 46

piriformis, gemelli, obturator internus and externes.quadratus femoris.

Question 47

TFL is superficial or deep?

Answer 47

superficial

Question 48

what does the TFL do

Answer 48

Abducts

Question 49

what nerves innervate the skin of the posterior thigh and popliteal fossa

Answer 49

the posterior femoral cutaneous (S1-3) ventral primary rami.

Question 50

Biceps femoris Long Head and Short head

Answer 50

O: ischial tuberosity (long) linea aspera (short) I: head of fibula and tibia N: tibial portion sciatic (long) and common peroneal of sciatic for short head A: extend thigh and flex knee.

Question 51

the bicep femoris is supplied by what nerve

Answer 51

the sciatic. Long head = tibial short head = common peroneal

Question 52

the semitendinosis is more like a tendon ___ and the semimembranosis if more like a tendon ___

Answer 52

distally | proximally.

Question 53

which head of the biceps femoris is more superficial

Answer 53

the long head

Question 54

Semitendinosis

Answer 54

O: ischial tuberosity I: medical surface of tibia (inf. to condyle) N: tibial portion sciatic A: extend thigh, flex leg and medially rotate knee

Question 55

Semimembranosis

Answer 55

O: ischial tuberosity I: medial condyle of the tibia N: Tibial portion sciatic A: extend thigh, flex knee, medially rotate knee.

Question 56

When looking at a cross sectional area of the leg, the sciatic nerve has two branches. The bigger one is the __ portion

Answer 56

tibial portion. the other one is the common peroneal.

Question 57

the femur is rounded anteriorly and pointed posteriorly. why?

Answer 57

linea aspera

Question 58

the profound femoris is kinda smashed between the

Answer 58

adductor longus, brevis and the vastus medialis.

Question 59

popliteal fossa boundaries

Answer 59

superior lateral: biceps femoris superior medial: semitendinosis and membranosis inferior lateral: lateral head gastroc inferior medial: medial head gastroc

Question 60

the medial head of the gastroc goes __- than the lateral

Answer 60

higher

Question 61

the common peroneal nerve is on the medial of lateral side of the tibia portion of the sciatic

Answer 61

lateral

Question 62

whats the roof of the popliteal fossa

Answer 62

fascia lata, branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve and the lesser saphenous.

Question 63

what is the floor of the popliteal fossa

Answer 63

politeal surface of femur. capsule of the knee joint, and oblique popliteal ligament

Question 64

what is housed in the popliteal fossa

Answer 64

- the tibial nerve (dead center), - common peroneal nerve (lateral side), - political vessels and - origins of the sural nerve (cutaneous nerve to the posterior leg and lateral aspect of the dorsal side of foot)

Question 65

popliteal artery

Answer 65

continuation of the femoral artery after is passes the adductor hiatus in the adductor Magnus.

Question 66

what does the popliteal artery divide into

Answer 66

the anterior tibial artery and the posterior tibial artery

Question 67

what does the anterior tibial artery supply

Answer 67

the anterior compartment of leg (DF and toe extensors)

Question 68

what does the posterior tibial artery supply

Answer 68

posterior compartment of the leg, gives rise to the peroneal artery (post and lateral parts of leg)

Question 69

the posterior tibial artery divides into the

Answer 69

tibial (medial) and peroneal (lateral) arteries

Question 70

profunda femoris is on what muscle

Answer 70

the adductor magnus

Question 71

genicular refers to the...

Answer 71

knee

Question 72

under the adductor hiatus, the adductor magnus is called the ___ portion

Answer 72

hamstring.

Question 73

Genicular anastomoses are the branches of what artery

Answer 73

the popliteal

Question 74

what do genicular arteries supply

Answer 74

the knee capsule, patella and surrounding bone

Question 75

what nerves go through the popliteal fossa

Answer 75

the sciatic nerve

Question 76

at the beginning of the popliteal fossa what happens to the sciatic nerve

Answer 76

branches into the tibial and common peroneal (lateral) nerves

Question 77

what muscles do the tibial nerve supply

Answer 77

the semimembranosis, semitendinosis and biceps femoris long head

Question 78

what muscle does the common peroneal nerve supply

Answer 78

short head biceps femoris

Question 79

what is the most superficial component of the popliteal fossa

Answer 79

the tibial nerve

Question 80

tibial nerve branches to form __ nerves that supply the knee

Answer 80

genicular.

Question 81

the tibial nerve gives off the ___ nerve to help form the ___ nerve

Answer 81

medial sural cutaneous nerve to form the sural nerve.

Question 82

the peroneal (___) nerve leaves the popliteal fossa superficially to the ___ head of the ___

Answer 82

fibular. lateral head of the gastroc.

Question 83

as the peroneal nerve passes over the head of the fibula, what does it branch into

Answer 83

the superficial peroneal nerves and the deep peroneal nerved

Question 84

what do the superficial peroneal nerves supply

Answer 84

the lateral compartment of the leg (EVERTERS)

Question 85

what does the inferior peroneal nerves supply

Answer 85

the anterior compartment (DF and toe extension)

Question 86

what nerves provide genicular branches to the knee

Answer 86

common peroneal nerve