Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kin - 464 > Week 6 - Theories about People and Their Environments > Flashcards

Week 6 - Theories about People and Their Environments Flashcards

1
Q

What are ecological theories and models?

A
  • A range of theories and models that present health as the interaction between individual and the environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are individuals influenced by and also influence?

A
  • Their environment in a reciprocal fashion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the most commonly referenced social ecological model in health promotion?

A
  • Bronfenbrennen (1979)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What can actions in one sphere influence?

A
  • those in another sphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where do behaviours or activities take place?

A
  • Contexts and environments
  • Need to be considered in context
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When are interventions most likely to succeed?

A
  • When there is coordination or cooperation across spheres
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can the social ecological model be helpful with in health promotion?

A
  • help with understanding where the health promotion intervention needs to focus or to align activities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the rings of components of the social ecological model?

A
  • Intrapersonal
  • Interpersonal
  • Organizational
  • Community
  • Public Policy
  • Physical Environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain the intrapersonal component of the social ecological model

A
  • Individual characteristics that influence behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What individual characterstics might influence behaviour?

A
  • Knowledge
  • Attitudes
  • Beliefs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the interpersonal component of the social ecological model

A
  • Primary groups that provide social identity, support, role definition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the organizational component of the social ecological model

A
  • Rules, regulations, formal and informal structures which may constrain or promote behaviours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the community component of the social ecological model

A
  • Social networks and norms or standards around behaviours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe the physical environment component of the social ecological models

A
  • natural and built environment that can constrain or promote behaviours, make some actions more likely
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Explain the critiques of social ecological models

A
  • Various spheres are not equally influenced
  • Limited ability to explain or predict changes in behaviour
  • Any construct can fit in a sphere, no concise list of variables
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Who proposed the salutogenic theory?

A

Antonovsky in 1996

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Why did Antonovsky propose the salutogenic theory in 1996?

A
  • Concerned with other models focused too much on health behaviours rather than broader ‘health promotion’
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the Salutogenic Theory focus on?

A
  • Health-enhancing rather than risk factors for diseases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the Salutogenic Theory direct our attention to?

A
  • Assets fo the individual (GRR)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is GRR?

A
  • General Resistance Resources
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does GRR determine?

A
  • Capacity to create health not just reduce disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is health considered in the salutogenic theory?

A
  • Continuous movement along a continuum
  • Between good health and ill health
23
Q

What are the two main concepts of salutogenic theory?

A
  • Generalized resistance resources (GRR)
  • GRR lead to strong sense of coherence (SOC)
24
Q

Explain how GRR’s work in the salutogenic theory

A
  • Help cope with and manage life, create meaning, make sense of the world
25
Q

Explain SOC

A

Strong Sense of Coherence
- Results in seeing the work as comprehensible, manageable, meaningful
- leads to empowering relationship and meaningful pursuits

26
Q

What are some critiques of the salutogenic theory?

A

-Less easily linked to specific behavior or actions
- Some evidence that one’s sense of coherence increases with age/over time and less in response to specific situations

27
Q

What is the setting approach to health?

A
  • health is created and lived by people with the settings of their everyday life
  • Where they learn, work, play, and love
28
Q

What does the settings approach explore?

A
  • The places in people’s day-to-day lives where health and illness is produced
29
Q

What are the origins of the settings approach?

A
  • Put forward by the World Health Organization in mid 80s
  • Ottawa Charter actions should be implemented in the ‘settings’ where health is produced
  • Healthy Cities movement in 1986 is the first example of the settings approach in health promotion
30
Q

Where is the Settings Approach applied?

A
  • Cities and Towns
  • Schools
  • Workplaces
  • Healthcare Settings
  • Virtual Settings
31
Q

Why would you use a settings approach?

A
  • Setting is where people actively use and shape the environment
  • Where people create or solve health-related problems
  • Having boundaries and defined roles that can be identified
32
Q

What kind of boundaries can be identified in the Settings Approach?

A
  • Physical Boundaries
  • Membership Boundaries
33
Q

How much of the global burden of ill health can be attributed to environmental factors?

A
  • 1/3
34
Q

What settings usually have the greatest disparity and inequality?

A
  • Urban setting
35
Q

Where are patterns of poor health often visible?

A
  • At City Level
36
Q

What are some examples of material geographies in an urban setting?

A
  • buildings
  • parks
  • air quality
  • transportation infrastructure
37
Q

What are some examples of social geographies in an urban setting?

A
  • Institutions
  • Public services
  • Community supports
38
Q

Explain the Stakeholder Wheel Model

A
  • A model to understand who needs to be engaged for successful change
  • Understand the role or level of their engagement
39
Q

What is the stakeholder wheel model a tool for?

A
  • Thinking about and categorizing stakeholders
  • Consider who needs to be involved and how involved
40
Q

Who are the core stakeholders?

A
  • At the centre of the intended action
  • actively involved in the implementation
41
Q

Who are the involved stakeholders?

A
  • Will need to be frequently consulted
  • Involved in planning and implementation
42
Q

Who are the supportive stakeholders?

A
  • Provide some form of support such as facilitating access or sharing particular expertise
43
Q

Who are the peripheral stakeholders?

A
  • Need to be kept informed
44
Q

What is a key point of individuals in theories and models?

A
  • Agency
45
Q

What is a key point of environmental in theories and models?

A
  • Structure
46
Q

How do the theories of behaviour change range?

A
  • From highly focused on individual behaviour to considering individual with ‘external’ influences
47
Q

What is physical activity in theories of behaviour change?

A
  • Defined as a planned activity with aim of improving or maintaining fitness
48
Q

When are theories justified?

A
  • when they align physical activity with expected outcomes
49
Q

What do ecological theories do?

A
  • Far greater focus on environmental factors or the ‘settings’ where health is produced
50
Q

What do ecological theories explain less than behavioural change theories?

A
  • Less explanatory potential for specific behaviours
51
Q

What do ecological theories align with?

A
  • notion of health promotion as ‘making the healthiest choice the easiest choice’
52
Q

What do thoeries of behaviour change align well with?

A
  • Notion that physical activity promotion is intended to produce health benefits
53
Q
A

Kin - 464 (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions