week 7 Flashcards
what are DIMS?
DIMs are things that the brain might see as credible evidence of ‘Danger In Me’’. They may be
things we hear, see, touch, taste; things we do; things we think and believe; places we go; people
in our life; and things happening in our body
SIMS is what?
SIMs are things the brain might see as credible evidence of ‘Safety in Me’. They may be in the
same categories as the above
Empathy?
is the ability or practice of imagining or trying to deeply understand what someone else
is feeling or what it’s like to be in their situation
Clinical Reasoning for Pain Assessment
What are the three primary sources of symptoms in pain assessment?
Somatic, Neurogenic (Nerve root or peripheral nerve), and Central.
Clinical Reasoning for Pain Assessment
What impairments may contribute to a pain condition?
Decreased muscle strength
Decreased joint ROM
Clinical Reasoning for Pain AssessmentC
What are some psychosocial impairments that must also be considered?
Increased Kinesiophobia
Decreased Self-Efficacy
The Pain and Movement Reasoning Model
What is the purpose of the Pain and Movement Reasoning Model?
It helps clinicians make sense of pain complexity and adapt clinical practice
What does the model use to categorize information?
A triangle with three key components:
CNS Modulation
Regional Influences
Local Stimulation
CNS modulation
What is prolonged afferent input?
Peripheral and central sensitization, leading to an upregulated nervous system
What factors may predispose someone to increased pain sensitivity?
Genetics (uncertain influence)
Persistent inflammatory conditions (e.g., autoimmune diseases)
Psycho-social influences (anxiety, fear, depression, self-efficacy, catastrophizing, social support, fatigue, work circumstances)
How are pain and social distress connected?
Studies suggest that pain and social rejection activate similar brain areas, increasing pain susceptibility in socially unsupported individuals.
Regional influences on pain
What is convergence in pain perception?
Referred pain due to shared neural structures, leading to misattributed tissue sources.
Give an example of convergence in the lumbar spine.
Lumbar spine issues can refer pain to the back, pelvis, and legs without peripheral nerve dysfunction.
What is the kinetic chain concept in pain?
When elements of movement (hypomobility/hypermobility) are dysfunctional, they disrupt normal movement and pain perception.
What is patho-neuro-dynamics?
Compressive or entrapment neuropathies cause inflammation, altered nociceptor function, and CNS changes, leading to pain.
Local Stimulation and Nociception
What are the two primary contributors to nociception in pain?
Chemical Stimulation – Inflammatory substances (‘sensitizing soup’) lower nociceptor thresholds.
Biomechanical Deformation – Tissue distortion (compression/swelling) can activate mechanical nociceptors.
How does inflammation contribute to nociception?
Inflammatory mediators sensitize nociceptors, lowering their activation threshold, increasing pain perception.
How does biomechanical deformation affect pain?
Altered mechanics or swelling may still activate nociceptors, even in postured protective positions.
