Week 7 Flashcards
What bones form the shoulder complex?
Clavicle, scapula, and humerus.
What are the major joints of the shoulder?
Sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and glenohumeral joints.
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
Synovial ball-and-socket joint.
What are the three glenohumeral ligaments?
Superior, middle, and inferior glenohumeral ligaments.
What is the function of the coracoacromial ligament?
Connects the coracoid process to the acromion to support the shoulder superiorly.
What are the primary motions of the scapula?
Retraction, protraction, elevation, depression, medial (downward) rotation, and lateral (upward) rotation.
What is scapulohumeral rhythm?
Coordinated movement between the scapula and humerus to maintain muscle tension and motion range.
What are the actions of the trapezius muscle?
Elevation, depression, retraction, and rotation of the scapula.
What nerve innervates the trapezius?
Spinal accessory nerve.
What is the action of the serratus anterior?
Protracts the scapula.
What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve.
What happens with serratus anterior paralysis?
Winging of the scapula during arm movement.
What are the actions of the rhomboids?
Retraction of the scapula.
What nerve innervates the rhomboids and levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve.
What are the rotator cuff muscles (SITS)?
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis.
What is the main function of the rotator cuff?
Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa.
What is the action of supraspinatus?
Abduction of the shoulder.
What is the innervation of supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve.
What is the action of deltoid?
Anterior part flexes, posterior extends, all together abduct the shoulder.
What nerve innervates deltoid?
Axillary nerve.
What is the function of latissimus dorsi?
Shoulder extension, medial rotation, and adduction.
What is the function of teres major?
Medial rotation and shoulder extension.
What is the function of pectoralis major?
Adduction and medial rotation of the shoulder.
What is the innervation of pectoralis major?
Pectoral nerves.
