Week 7 - Ch. 10 & 11

Question 1

Conformity Orientation

Answer 1

the degree to which a family enforces a uniformity of attitudes, values, and beliefs.

Question 2

Conversation orientation

Answer 2

the degree of openness a family has in discussing a range of topics

Question 3

family communication pattern

Answer 3

a mode of family interaction that involves a blending of conversation and conformity orientations. these include consensual, pluralistic, protective, and laissez-faire patterns.

Question 4

friends with benefits

Answer 4

a popular term for nonromantic heterosexual friendships that include sexual activity.

Question 5

intimacy

Answer 5

a state of closeness arising from physical, intellectual, or emotional contact or sometimes from shared activities.

Question 6

love languages

Answer 6

modes of communicating affection in romantic relationships. these include words of affirmation, quality time, gifts, acts of service, and physical touch.

Question 7

relational commitment

Answer 7

a promise-sometimes implied and sometimes explicit-to remain in a relationship and to make that relationship successful.

Question 8

relational turning point

Answer 8

transformative event that alters a relationship in a fundamental way.

Question 9

role

Answer 9

a set of expectations about how to communicate.

Question 10

triangular theory of love

Answer 10

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Question 11

aggressiveness

Answer 11

verbal attacks that demean another’s self-concept and inflict psychological pain.

Question 12

ambiguous response

Answer 12

a disconfirming response with more than one meaning, leaving the other party unsure of the responder’s position.

Question 13

argumentativeness

Answer 13

presenting and defending positions on issues while attacking positions taken by others.

Question 14

assertive message format

Answer 14

a direct expression of the sender’s needs and thoughts delivered in a way that does not attack the receiver’s dignity. a complete assertive message describes behavior, interpretation, feeling, consequence, and intention.

Question 15

certainty

Answer 15

an attitude behind messages that dogmatically implies that the speaker’s position is correct and that the other person’s ideas are not worth considering. likely to generate a defensive response.

Question 16

communication climate

Answer 16

the emotional tone of a relationship between two or more individuals.

Question 17

complaining

Answer 17

a disagreeing message that directly or indirectly communicates dissatisfaction with another person

Question 18

confirming communication

Answer 18

a message that expresses caring or respect for another person

Question 19

consequence statement

Answer 19

an explanation of the results that follow from either the behavior of the person to whom the message is addressed or the speaker’s interpretation of the addressee’s behavior. consequence statements can describe what happens to the speaker, the addressee, or others.

Question 20

controlling communication

Answer 20

messages in which the sender tries to impose some sort of outcome on the receiver, usually resulting in a defensive reaction.

Question 21

de-escalatory conflict spiral

Answer 21

a communication pattern in which the parties slowly lessen their dependence on one another, withdraw and become less invested in the relationship.

Question 22

defensiveness

Answer 22

the attempt to protect a presenting image that a person believes in being attacked.

Question 23

description

Answer 23

Gibb’s term for language that describes a complaint in behavioral terms rather than being judgmental, thereby creating a supportive communication climate.

Question 24

disagreeing messages

Answer 24

messages that communicate to the other person, “you are wrong” includes aggressiveness, complaining, and argumentativeness.

Question 25

disconfirming communication

Answer 25

a message that expresses a lack of caring or respect for another person.

Question 26

empathy

Answer 26

the ability to project oneself into another person's point of view so as to experience the other's thoughts and feelings

Question 27

equality

Answer 27

a type of supportive communication described by Gibb that suggests that the sender regards the receiver as worthy of respect

Question 28

escalatory conflict spiral

Answer 28

a communication pattern in which one attack leads to another until the initial skirmish escalates into a full-fledged battle.

Question 29

evaluation

Answer 29

Gibb's term for judgmental assessments of another person's behavior, thereby increasing the odds of creating a defensive communication climate.

Question 30

face-threatening act

Answer 30

behavior by another that is perceived as attacking an individual's presenting image, or face.

Question 31

feeling statement

Answer 31

an expression of the sender's emotions that results from interpretation of sense data.

Question 32

Gibb Catergories

Answer 32

six sets of contrasting styles of verbal and nonverbal behavior. each set describes a communication style that is likely to arouse defensiveness and a contrasting style that is likely to prevent or reduce it. Developed by Jack Gibb.

Question 33

impersonal response

Answer 33

a disconfirming response that is superficial or trite.

Question 34

impervious response

Answer 34

a disconfirming response that ignores another person's attempt to communicate.

Question 35

incongruous response

Answer 35

a disconfirming response in which two messages, one of which is usually nonverbal, contradict each other.

Question 36

intention statement

Answer 36

a description of where the speaker stands on an issue, what he or she wants, and how he or she plans to act in the future

Question 37

interpretation statement

Answer 37

a statement that describes the speaker's interpretation of the meaning of another person's behavior.

Question 38

interrupting response

Answer 38

a disconfirming response in which one communicator interrupts another

Question 39

irrelevant response

Answer 39

a disconfirming response in which one communicator's comments bear no relationship to the previous speaker's ideas

Question 40

neutrality

Answer 40

a defense-arousing behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses indifference toward a receiver.

Question 41

problem orientation

Answer 41

a supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which the communicators focus on working together to solve their problems instead of trying to impose their on solutions on one another.

Question 42

provisionalism

Answer 42

a supportive style of communication described by Gibb in which the sender expresses a willingness to consider the other person's position.

Question 43

spiral

Answer 43

a reciprocal communication pattern in which each person's message reinforces the other's.

Question 44

spontaneity

Answer 44

a supportive communication behavior described by Gibb in which the sender expresses a message without any attempt to manipulate the receiver.

Question 45

strategy

Answer 45

a defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which the sender tries to manipulate or deceive the receiver.

Question 46

superiority

Answer 46

a defense-arousing style of communication described by Gibb in which the sender states or implies that the receiver is not worthy of respect.

Question 47

tangential response