Week 7: Diuretics

Question 1

Thiazides - chlorthalidone, HCTZ, Metolazone MOA, where it works in the kidney, and important fact

Answer 1

• Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption
• Distal renal tubule
• Relatively affective - safe to take long term - good for maintenance

Question 2

Thiazides ADRs

Answer 2

• hypokalemia
• hyperuricemia
• hyperglycemia
• hypercalcium (tHiazides = High calcium)

Question 3

Loop Diuretics - Furosemide (Lasix) MOA, where it works in the kidney, and important fact

Answer 3

• Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption
• Ascending loop of Henle
• This is the most effective diuretic - used for CHF and CHF exacerbations

Question 4

Loop Diuretics ADRs

Answer 4

• hypokalemia
• hyperuricemia
• hyperglycemia
• hypocalcium (Loop = Low calcium)
• ototoxicity

Question 5

Loop Diuretics cautions/ contraindications

Answer 5

• caution in patients with prior sulfonamide allergy

Question 6

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics - Spironolactone (aldactone) MOA, where it works in the kidney, and important fact

Answer 6

• Inhibits sodium and water reabsorption and excretion of potassium
• collecting duct/distal renal tubules
• is an aldosterone antagonist in the kidneys - also blocks aldosterone elsewhere in the body causing androgenic effects (blocking testosterone)

Question 7

Spironolactone (Aldactone) ADRs

Answer 7

• gynecomastia
• hyperkalemia
• menstrual irregularities
• hyperuricemia