Week 7 - pectoral girdle

Question 1

3 parts of the trapezius muscle

Answer 1

Descending (superior)
Transverse
Ascending (inferior)

Question 2

What does the descending part of the trapezius do

Answer 2

Retraction of the scapula
Elevation of the scapula

Question 3

Movements of the transverse part of the trapezius

Answer 3

Retraction of the scapula
Elevation of the scapula

Question 4

Movements of the ascending part of the trapzius

Answer 4

Retraction of the scapula
Depression of the shoulder

Question 5

Levator scapulae

Answer 5

Connects the scapula with the spine
Deeper than the trapezius
Helps elevate the scapula

Question 6

The Rhomboids (rhomboid minor and rhomboid major)

Answer 6

Connect the scapula with the spine from the medial border of the scapula

Question 7

If the rhomboids major and minor contract together, what movement happens

Answer 7

Retraction of the scapula

Question 8

Role of the subclavius

Answer 8

Stabilises the pectoral girdle during the movements of the glenohumeral joint

Question 9

Actions of the pectoralis minor

Answer 9

Protraction of scapula and depression of shoulder

Question 10

Actions of the pectoralis major

Answer 10

Shoulder depression

Question 11

Actions of the serratus anterior

Answer 11

Protraction of the scapula

Question 12

Similarities and differences between the pelvic and pectoral girdle

Answer 12

The bones involved articulate with each other
There is a gap in the pectoral girdle not found in the pelvic girdle

Question 13

Bones in the pectoral girdle

Answer 13

Clavicle
Scapula
Sternum

Question 14

Where is the gap located in the pectoral girdle and what does it do

Answer 14

Between the two scapula
Gives great mobility

Question 15

What provides the closing of the girdle

Answer 15

The rhomboids

Question 16

Pectoral girdle joints
3 true joints
2 other joints

Answer 16

Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ)
Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ)
Glenohumeral joint (GJ)

2 other:
scapulothoracic articulation
subacromial articulation

Question 17

Sternoclavicular joint

Answer 17

Made of the articular surface of the manubrium of the sternum and the lateral surface clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula

Question 18

Why is the shape of the clavicle important

Answer 18

The S shaped clavicle allows for 180 degrees of movement at shoulder

Question 19

Articulation between the humerus and the scapula

Answer 19

Glenoid fossa

Question 20

Where does the anterior aspect of the scapula articulate to
What does this provide

Answer 20

The thorax
Allows the scapuls to slide along the thorax - great mobility

Question 21

Most prominent area of the scapula in the posterior view
What does it do

Answer 21

The spine of the scapula
Divides the posterior aspect of the scapula into the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae

Question 22

Where is the suprascapular fossa

Answer 22

Large area on the anterior side of scapula

Question 23

Where is the coracoid process

Answer 23

Superior aspect of scapula
Provides attatchment for ligaments and tendons

Question 24

Features of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 24

The articular disc - located on the sternum - where the clavicle connects to
Anterior sternoclavicular ligament - connects the sternum and clavicle
Interclavicular ligament - passes superiorly to the anterior sternoclavicular ligament
Posterior sternoclavicular ligament
Costoclavicular ligament - goes from cartilage of first rib to the clavicle

Question 25

Features of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 25

Disc - provides mobility Acromioclavicular ligament - formed by cap of shoulder and collar bone - allows continuation of the clavicle Trapezoid ligament - connects the coracoid process of the scapula to the trapezoid line Conoid ligament

Question 26

Glenohumeral joint

Answer 26

Labrum - provides stability for the humerus (surrounds the glenoid fossa) Joint capsule - connects glenoid fossa to the ligaments Tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii (stabilises humerus during elevation) Transverse humeral ligament - overlying the tendon of biceps as it emerges from capsule of shoulder joint Superior, medial, inferior glenohumeral ligament Coracohumeral ligament - extracapsular Conicoachronium ligament - reinforces the conico achronium arch. Acts as a roof for the movement of humerus Several bursae - provides lubrication

Question 27

Elevation and depression of the scapula

Answer 27

Elevation is the scapula gliding superiorly (shoulders up) Depression is the scapula gliding inferiorly (shoulders down)

Question 28

Protraction and retraction of the scapula

Answer 28

Protraction (or abduction) is when medial border of scapula moves away from spine Retraction (or adduction) is the opposite (arms behind your back)

Question 29

Upward and downward rotation of the scapula

Answer 29

Upward is abduction of the shoulder - inferior angle of scapula moves further away from midline Downward is adduction of shoulder

Question 30

Movements at the glenohumeral joint

Answer 30

Flexion Extension Lateral rotation medial rotation Abduction Adduction Circumduction

Question 31

Scaption

Answer 31

Scpation is movements that keep the scapula in its resting position

Question 32

How does the shoulder move 180 degrees

Answer 32

60 degree rotation of scapulothoracic joint 30 degree elevation of sternoclavicular joint 120 degree abduction of glenohumeral joint

Question 33

Role and location of the intertubercular groove

Answer 33

On the humerus, separates the greater and lesser tubercle. It allows for the long tendon of the biceps brachii muscle to pass

Question 34

Role and location of the deltoid tuberosity

Answer 34

Lies proximally about a third of the way to the elbow Provides attachment for the deltoid

Question 35

Muscles that create abduction

Answer 35

Middle deltoid and supraspinatus

Question 36

Muscles that create adduction

Answer 36

Latissimus dorsi, teres major, coracobrachialis, pectoralis major

Question 37

Muscles that create flexion at the shoulder

Answer 37

Anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis

Question 38

Muscles that create extension at the shoulder

Answer 38

Posterior deltoid, LD, long head of triceps brachii

Question 39

Muscles that create medial rotation at the shoulder

Answer 39

LD, subscapularis, pectoralis major, anterior deltoid

Question 40

Muscles that create lateral rotation

Answer 40

Infraspinatus, teres major, posterior deltoid

Question 41

Muscles that make up the rotator cuff

Answer 41

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 42

Insertion point of the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 42

The head of the humerus