week 7: students, poverty, and socio-economic status Flashcards
includes lecture slides and review notes (missing readings, cases, in class notes) (33 cards)
What are the 5 topics in this week?
- Poverty and Deprivation
- Histroicizing Poverty and Education
- UNCRC / Education 2030 Agenda / The SDGs
- Socio-Economic Status in Canada
- Socio-Economic Status in the World
How do you conceptulize poverty? (how do you personally understand poverty?)
A lack of resources, such as money, food, housing, water, and much more, due to systemic barriers and personal challenges.
What lens can we use to view poverty and deprivation? Describe it.
Multideminsional Poverty: Poverty is viewed as “a multidimensional phenomenon that cannot be reduced to income poverty but instead is a set of deprivations in access to health, education, and housing, and worsened by political disempowerment” (De Schutter, 2022, p. 19)
Who is Olivier De Schutter?
A UN Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights
What are the 3 overarching domains of poverty?
- Material
- Opportunity
- Relational
Describe the 3 overarching domains of poverty (material, opportunity, and relational).
- Material: Associated with low-income, other basics needs like food and clothes
- Opportunity: Lack of access to opportunites they need for development, therefore challenging their right to quality education, health-care, and good well being.
- Relational: Relationships matter and poverty can undermine these relatiomships creating shame a stigma
Which year did countries around the world agree to end poverty?
2015
What is UNICEFS descripion of multidimensional child poverty?
Child experience poverty when they don;t get the nutrition, water, shelter, education or health care they need to survive and thrive; this describes a deprivatin of multiple basic rights
How does children being raised in poverty impact their quality of life and future careers according to UNICEF?
Children who grow up in poverty suffer from poor living standards, develop fewer skills for the workforces and earn lower wages as adults.
What is the history of poverty and education according to Biffi and Monta, 2021?
Liberals across different histroical periods have always supported investing in education, firsts and foremost for reason of cost-effectiveness…. This increases their future chacnes of having competent adults.
According to Biffi and Monta, what is the predominant view of education? What crisis does it demonstate>
The predominant view of education remains economic rather than expanding to include “enhancing” individual agency. This demonstrates a “silent crisis of education” where the imaginative creative aspect of education and that of rigours critical thought are losing ground, by solely promoting the development of sought-after practical skills. (Bussbaum in Biffi and Monta, 2021)
What is Article 29 of the UNCRC, 1989?
Article 29: State parties agree that the education of the child shall be directed to the development of the child’s personality, talents, and mental and physical abilities to their fullest potential.
What do Biffic and Monta say about Article 29?
The overall goal of education is to promote children’s ability and opportunity to participate fully and responsibly in a free society.
What is the Education 2030 Agenda?
We commit to providing inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels… all people, irrespective of sex, age, rage or ethnicity, and person with disabilites, migrants, Indigenous peoples, children and youth, especially those in vulnerable situations, should have access to life-long learning opportunities… to participate fully in society.
What is Sustainable Development Goal 4 in the Education 2030 Agenda?
By 2030, all learners should be in a position to acquire knowledge and skills needed to promote sustainable development, including human rights, gender equality, promotion ofculture of peace and non-violence, global citizenship, and appreciation of cultural diversity and of cultures contrivution to sustainable development. (According to Biffi and Monta, 2021)
What is a personal experience you have in which these documents from the Education Agenda 2030 was upheld?
We talked about human rights in my 7th grade class and how they can be facilitated in the classroom. I was not truly of a lower socio-economic status, so I was most likely in a school that supported these efforts.
Does Canada participate in socio-economic segregation? If yes, how?
Yes, Canada’s level of socio-economic segregation - the extent to which students of different socio-economic status attend different schools - is lower by international standards, however, this overall level may mask interprovincial difference (from Chmielewski and Maharaj, 2022)
What are 4 causes of segregation based on socio-economic status?
- Neighbourhood segregation contributes to SES segregation between schoools
- Low SES families face barriers to exercising choice including tuition cost
- Schools have an incentive to admit higher-achieving students
- High SES families may prefer advanced socio-economic composition
(Chmielewski and Maharaj)
How much has private school enrollment increased in provinces within Canada since year 2000? Why has it increased?
Private school envrollment has increased 9 out of 10 provinces since 2000. Open enrollment allows students to attend schools outside their assigned catchment areas, space permitting.
(Chmielewski and Maharaj)
How much has the global out-of-school population reduced in approximately 10 years? Why?
It has reduced by 1% over 10 years… because of chronic under-investment on education, particularlry in low-income countries, is one of the main causes (UNESCO, 2024)
Education is the key drivers of properous, inclusive and peaceful societies, yet….
quality education risks being the privlege of a few, if we do not take serious measures to give every child across the globe the same chance to learn and thrive (Azoulay in UNESCO)
What percentage of school-aged children and youth in low-income countries arae out of school in comparision to high-income countries?
33% of school-aged children and youth in low-income countries are out of school, while high-income countries sit at only 3%.
Why is there such a significant different between high and low income countries in regards to children out of school?
Low income countries spent only $55 per learner… compared to $8,543 for high-income countries. In Africa, countries spent almost as much on debt servicing in 2022 as they did on education. At the same time, the share of official development assistance going to education globally has dropped from 9.3% in 2019 to 7.6% in 2022. (UNESCO, 2024)
As we know, poverty can intergenerational. How do we break this chain of generational poverity?
Provide education. Education can generate upward mobility for those in poverty.
