Week 7: Systemic Disorders Affecting the Oral Cavity

Question 1

4 phases of hemostasis

Answer 1

• initiation/formation of platelet plug
• coagulation cascade
• termination by antithrombotic control
• removal of clot by fibrinolysis

Question 2

decrease in number, defective adhesion, defective aggregation

Answer 2

platelet disorders

Question 3

intrinsic pathway and extrinsic pathway both lead to a _______ that produces _____

Answer 3

final common pathway, fibrin

Question 4

coagulation disorder

Answer 4

hemophilia

Question 5

platelet disorders

Answer 5

thrombocytopenia, thrombasthenia

Question 6

capillary fragility

Answer 6

vitamin C deficiency, hereditary condition

Question 7

normal bleeding time

Answer 7

between 3-8 minutes

Question 8

genetic, liver disease, biliary obstruction, steatorrhea, drugs

Answer 8

coagulation factor deficiency

Question 9

aPTT stands for

Answer 9

activated partial thromboplastin time

Question 10

normal aPTT values

Answer 10

25-35 seconds

Question 11

test that identifies acquired or inherited deficiencies in the activities of factors

Answer 11

prothrombin time (PT)

Question 12

normal values of PT

Answer 12

11-13 seconds

Question 13

hemophilia:
normal _______
abnormal ____

Answer 13

normal bleeding time, platelet number, prothrombin

abnormal partial thromboplastin time (prolonged clotting time)

Question 14

hemophilia patients do not develop…

Answer 14

petechiae

Question 15

thrombocytopenia characteristics (3)

Answer 15

• decreased platelets
• increased destruction
• cirrhosis

Question 16

normal platelets

Answer 16

200,000-400,000

Question 17

petechiae are ____ size

Answer 17

pinpoint

Question 18

ecchymoses are ________ and may be as wide as a ____

Answer 18

larger than petechiae, 5mm-1cm

Question 19

systematic hemorrhage

Answer 19

epistaxis, hematemesis, hemoptysis, uremia

Question 20

2 causes of capillary fragility

Answer 20

hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, vitamin C deficiency

Question 21

deficiency in the transport of O2, depends on quality of RBC

Answer 21

anemia

Question 22

types of anemia

Answer 22

microcytic, hypochromic, macrocytic-hyperchromic

Question 23

causes of anemia

Answer 23

nutritional deficiency, genetic, excessive blood loss

Question 24

aplastic anemia affects _______

Answer 24

other blood cells than just RBC

Question 25

clinical symptoms of anemia

Answer 25

tiredness, weakness, malaise, increased RR, headache, pallor

Question 26

anemia that has to do with a vitamin B12 deficiency (due to _____)

Answer 26

pernicious anemia; defective intrinsic factor

Question 27

Mutations affecting alpha globin formation which is a building block of hemoglobin (a protein for transport of oxygen)

Answer 27

A-thalassemia

Question 28

types of thalassemia

Answer 28

Beta and Alpha types

Question 29

how many genes for B and A thalassemia?

Answer 29

2 genes for B, 4 genes for Alpha

Question 30

a-thalassemia gene outcomes

Answer 30

1 gene = no disease 2 genes = trait 3 genes = Hb H disease 4 genes = hydrops fetalis

Question 31

acute infection lymphadenopathy

Answer 31

enlarged lymph nodes, tender, relatively soft, freely movable

Question 32

chronic infection lymphadenopathy

Answer 32

enlarged, rubbery, firm, nontender, freely movable

Question 33

neoplasm lymphadenopathy

Answer 33

nontender, progressive enlargement, freely movable or fixed

Question 34

``` lymphoid hyperplasia where: color: micro: tx: ```

Answer 34

where: tonsils, floor of the mouth, lateral tongue color: normal, yellow-orange, pink micro: lymphoid aggregates, germinal centers, macrophages tx: no treatment