Week 8 Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are symbols?
They are a word, an image, or an action that stands for something else
What is a summarizing symbol?
They are symbols that represent a whole semantic domain and considers various elements within it
What are elaborating symbols?
They are symbols that represent only one element of adamant and used in a wider semantic context
What shapes our understanding of well-being?
Our culture and broader societal factors
How we describe wellness or unwellness is dependent on beliefs, customs, etc
What is the broad definition of health?
A person’s societal, psychological and physical condition
What is the broad definition of well-being?
Culturally defined state of a person’s physical and mental comfort and good health
What is medical anthropology?
It is the study of well-being and health, illness and disease from a cultural context
Aims to bring forward human relations to these experiences, perspectives, and behaviours
What is disease?
They are forms of biological impairment identified and explained within the biomedical discourse
What is biomedicine?
It is the traditionally western form of medical knowledge practiced based on biological science
What is illness?
It is a term used to describe a suffering person’s own understanding of their distress
What is subsistence?
They are practices that meet he basic needs in life
What is a domestic economy?
It is an economy that works with modes of production and exchange
What are the four modes subsistence?
Foraging
Pastoralism
Horticulture
Agriculture
What is foraging as a mode of subsistence?
It describes a societies that primarily rely on wild plant and animal food sources
Tend to have a broad diet
Live in smaller groups, semi-nomadic at times, follows availability of food and materials from forested areas
What is pastoralism as a mode of subsistence?
It describes a subsistence system in which people raise herds of domesticated livestock
Semi-nomadic societies
Wealth is measured in number of animals owned
Usually consist of polygynous marriages (to maintain the cattle you need to add more labour and this is done by way of having more children and more women)
Women are usually the labourers however they are not permitted to own cattle
What is horticulture as a mode of subsistence?
It describes a small-scale cultivation of crops intended primarily for subsistence
People whose garden supply the majority of their food
Move farms periodically
What is agriculture as a mode of subsistence?
It is a subsistence system that involves the cultivation of domesticated plants and animals using technologies that allow for intensive use of the land
It is the cultivation of domesticated plants and animals using technologies such as irrigation, animals, mechanization, and inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides that allow for intensive and continuous use of land resources
What are colonial cash-crops?
They are crops that are overly harvested by way of encouraging or forcing rural inhabitants to convert their previously diverse livelihood strategies to the production of a single export crop
This led to the commercial wage
What are the modes of production in settler states split between?
They are split between intensive corporate plantation agriculture
Farming by european settlers using african labour
More extensive small-holder agriculture producing crops for export
Did agricultural policies change post-colonisation?
Not necessarily. Many agricultural policies remained the same
How was liberalisation achieved in the agricultural sector?
The elimination of state marketing institutions
Elimination of subsidies
Licensing of private bodies
What are biotechnology advances?
They are hybrid seeds, biofortification and conventional and transgenic breeding
What are the two main applications of biotechnology advances?
Biomedical: vaccines, pharamaceuticals
Agricultural: pest resistant, pesticide resistance, hybridization, artificial selection, nutrient-altering
