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LQB201 Microbiology and Infection Control for Podiatrists (QUT) > Week 8 Infection of Public Health Significance > Flashcards

Week 8 Infection of Public Health Significance Flashcards

1
Q

Innate immune cells

A

Dentric cells are antigen presenting cells that form part of the immunological barrier of the mucus membrane

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2
Q

Accessory structures of the integument

A

Hair follicles, hair, sebaceous glands and sweat glands are all natural portals of entry

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3
Q

Wounding

A

Creates a direct portal of entry

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4
Q

Goblet cell function

A

Secretory defence

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5
Q

Dendritic cell function

A

Immunological defence

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6
Q

Keratinocyte Function

A

Barrier defence

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7
Q

Epithelial cell function

A

Barrier defence

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8
Q

Natural killer cell function

A

Immunological defence

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9
Q

Normal regional microbiota function (respiratory system)

A

Competitive inhibition

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10
Q

Nasal hairs function (respiratory system)

A

Trapping particular matter

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11
Q

Mucus function (respiratory system)

A

Trapping foreign material to prevent physical contact with mucus membranes

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12
Q

Collated epithelium function (respiratory system)

A

Movement of muscles and foreign material via the mucociliary escalator

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13
Q

Antimicrobial secretions function (respiratory system)

A

Destruction of infectious agents

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14
Q

Secretory immunoglobulin-A (IgA) function (respiratory system)

A

Neutralisation of infectious agents

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15
Q

Cough and sneeze reflex function (respiratory system)

A

expulsion of particles and secretions from the respiratory tract

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16
Q

Alveolar macrophages function (respiratory system)

A

Phagocytosis of foreign matter

17
Q

Tonsils and lymph nodes

A

Humoral and cellular immune response

18
Q

What are the major portals of entry and exit in the respiratory tract

A

Eyes, nasal cavity, oral cavity, ears,

19
Q

What is the purpose of public health

A

Protect the most vulnerable population members by improving overall health of the entire population

20
Q

Knowledge of what is required to ensure effective control of infectious outbreak of public health concern

A

The transmission
Reservoir
Incubation period
Treatment options
Host susceptibility
Portals of entry and exit

21
Q

Communicable diseases

A

Infectious agents that can be transmitted person to person via contact or common vehicle

22
Q

Vaccine preventable diseases

A

Vaccination aims to reduce the burden of disease in a population by creating herd immunity

23
Q

Multi drug resistant organisms

A

Aquire resistance genes as a results of selective pressure

24
Q

Why do lower respiratory tract infections occur

A

The innate immune response is impaired

25
Q

Clinical AIDS occurs when

A

The CD4+ T-Lymphocyte count is <200/uL of blood

26
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

The most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in Australia

27
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Commonly associated with urethritis in males

28
Q

Herpes simplex viruses are frequently associated

A

With fluid filled vesicles and ulcers

29
Q

Human papilloma viruses cause

A

Gential warts on the the cervical and oropharyngeal mucosa

30
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: infectious agents

A

Accurate identification using cultivation genotyping medical imaging.

31
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: reservoirs

A

Endogenous and exogenous reservoirs
Challenges occur because:
people need to breathe
Incubation and prodromal periods for some infections are long (asymptomatic for longer)
Viral infection are usually self limiting and there’s no specific antivirals

32
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: portals of exit

A

Physical barriers and cough etiquette to protect the natural portals of entry

33
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: modes of transmission

A

Common vehicle and contact precautions with standard precautions

34
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: susceptible hosts

A

Vaccinations for herd immunity to protect the immunocompromised and those with co morbid conditions

35
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection sexually transmitted

A

Rapid and accurate identification
Antimicrobial therapy
Presumptive treatment

36
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: reservoir

A

Humans - adherence to aseptic technique and hygiene practice regular check ups

37
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system:portals of exit

A

Universal precautions physical barriers in the oropharynx and anogenital mucosae

38
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: modes of transmission

A

Close contact identification
Physical barriers

39
Q

Interrupting the chain of infection respiratory system: susceptible hosts

A

Diagnosis, treatment and ongoing management of co-infections

LQB201 Microbiology and Infection Control for Podiatrists (QUT) (11 decks)

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