week 8 intro to functions

Question 1

def keyword

Answer 1

defines the function, the statement has color at the end and indented function body

Question 2

how can you customize a function?

Answer 2

add parameters so that numbers/vars can be passed as arguments in function call

Question 2

3 steps of making a function

Answer 2

1) define (fun name, parameters, body)
2) call (pass arguments)
3) execute (use parameters to compute result)

Question 2

find method

Answer 2

returns indices of first instance of a substring

Question 2

string slicing

Answer 2

extracting certain characters (1st number inclusive, 2nd number exclusive)

Question 3

split method

Answer 3

splits string into list based on specified delimeter

Question 4

local variable

Answer 4

only exists in the function, the function is an ‘island’

Question 5

global variable

Answer 5

exists and modified in main code

Question 6

pass by value

Answer 6

parameters changed in function does not affect variables outside the function

Question 7

return function

Answer 7

outputs value from function

Question 8

copy paste error

Answer 8

forgetting to modify code after pasting into new environment

Question 9

return error

Answer 9

accidentally returning the wrong variable or forgetting to add return statement

Question 10

unpacking

Answer 10

operation that allows statement to perform multiple assignments at once (ex: assigning tuple/list to variable in one line)

Question 11

index

Answer 11

integer matching specific position in ordered object (list, tuple, etc) starts at 0 and uses brackets to index

Question 12

slice notation

Answer 12

allows selection of multiple indices per list (using colons to select all before, after, or in between integers) negative numbers means a step back from the end

Question 13

slicing operation

Answer 13

if you assign a slice to a var and reassign the original string, the slice var will stay the same

Question 14

stride

Answer 14

step size to increment index

Question 15

my_str[0:10:2]

Answer 15

0 to 10 in steps of 2 (every other, starting at 0)

Question 16

field width

Answer 16

defines minimum number of characters inserted in string, any extra space is padded with spaces to reach that minimum value

Question 17

{name:16}

Answer 17

field width of 16 characters

Question 18

alignment character

Answer 18

determines how value should be aligned within width of field

Question 19

<

Answer 19

left aligned

Question 20

>

Answer 20

right aligned

Answer 21

center aligned

Question 22

fill character

Answer 22

you can pad with a specific character, like 0s

Question 23

{score:0>4}

Answer 23

pad with zeros, right aligned, field width of 4

Question 24

percision

Answer 24

number of places after the decimal point (rounds)

Question 25

{1.725:.1f}

Answer 25

1.7

Question 26

replace(old, new)

Answer 26

returns copy of string with all occurances of old replaced with new

Question 27

replace(old, new, count)

Answer 27

returns copy of string with first COUNT occurances of old replaced with new

Question 28

find(x)

Answer 28

returns index of first occurance of x

Question 29

find(x, start)

Answer 29

returns index of first occurance of x from index start onwards

Question 30

find(x, start, end)

Answer 30

returns index of first occurance of x between start and end index

Question 31

rfind(x)

Answer 31

returns index of first occurance backwards( searches string in reverse)

Question 32

count(x)

Answer 32

counts number of occurances of X

Question 33

string comparisons

Answer 33

compares ASCII number of 1st elements, if everything is the same the shorter string is less than the alrger

Question 34

is/is not

Answer 34

compares object types, not values

Question 35

isalnum()

Answer 35

true if chars are letter or number

Question 36

isdigit()

Answer 36

true if chars are numbers

Question 37

startswith(x)

Answer 37

true if string starts with x

Question 38

endswith(x)

Answer 38

true if string ends with x

Question 39

capitalize()

Answer 39

capitalizes first character of string

Question 40

strip()

Answer 40

removes all whitespace at start and end of string

Question 41

title()

Answer 41

makes starting title with each word capitalized

Question 42

split()

Answer 42

split string into list of tokens

Question 43

token

Answer 43

substring that forms part of a larger string

Question 44

separator

Answer 44

character or sequence that indicates where string splits into tokens, if there's a double separator then that list item is empty quotes

Question 45

join method

Answer 45

inverse of split, joins list of strings based on delimeter

Question 46

''.join(x)

Answer 46

x is the list and the delimeter to join is ''