Week 8 Meds Flashcards
Repdroductive (15 cards)
Testosterone cypionate
Class: Androgen
Uses: Male hypogonadism, delayed puberty in males, gender-affirming hormone therapy
MOA: Replaces endogenous testosterone; binds to androgen receptors to regulate gene expression
Side Effects: Acne, mood changes, edema, polycythemia, increased LDL
BBW: Secondary exposure (in children) can cause virilization
Testosterone gel
Class: Androgen
Uses: Testosterone replacement therapy
MOA: Transdermal absorption of testosterone for systemic effects
Side Effects: Skin irritation, headache, increased PSA, emotional lability
BBW: Secondary exposure to testosterone can cause virilization in children
Finasteride
Class: 5-alpha reductase inhibitor (anti-androgen)
Uses: BPH, male pattern baldness
MOA: Inhibits 5-alpha reductase → ↓ DHT production
Side Effects: Decreased libido, ED, gynecomastia
BBW: None
Leuprolide
Class: GnRH agonist (anti-androgen)
Uses: Prostate cancer, endometriosis, precocious puberty
MOA: Initially stimulates then downregulates GnRH receptors → ↓ LH/FSH → ↓ sex hormones
Side Effects: Hot flashes, decreased libido, mood changes, bone loss
BBW: Risk of bone density loss with long-term use
Flutamide
Class: Nonsteroidal anti-androgen
Uses: Prostate cancer (used with GnRH analog)
MOA: Blocks androgen receptors
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, gynecomastia, hot flashes
BBW: Severe hepatotoxicity
Estradiol
Class: Estrogen
Uses: Menopausal symptoms, hypoestrogenism, osteoporosis prevention
MOA: Binds to estrogen receptors → regulates gene expression
Side Effects: Nausea, breast tenderness, thromboembolism, headache
BBW: Endometrial cancer (if unopposed), cardiovascular risks, breast cancer, dementia
Conjugated estrogens (Premarin)
Class: Estrogen
Uses: Menopausal symptoms, hypoestrogenism, osteoporosis prevention
MOA: Mixture of estrogen compounds → estrogen receptor activation
Side Effects: Vaginal bleeding, breast tenderness, thromboembolism
BBW: Endometrial cancer, stroke, DVT, probable dementia
Tamoxifen
Class: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
Uses: Breast cancer treatment and prevention
MOA: Estrogen receptor antagonist in breast tissue, agonist in uterus/bone
Side Effects: Hot flashes, DVT, endometrial cancer risk
BBW: Increased risk of uterine malignancies and thromboembolism
Raloxifene
Class: SERM
Uses: Osteoporosis prevention/treatment, breast cancer risk reduction
MOA: Estrogen agonist in bone, antagonist in breast/uterus
Side Effects: Hot flashes, leg cramps, DVT
BBW: Increased risk of DVT and stroke in postmenopausal women
Progesterone
Class: Progestin
Uses: Amenorrhea, endometrial hyperplasia prevention, HRT
MOA: Binds to progesterone receptors → modulates gene expression in reproductive tissue
Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, mood swings, bloating
BBW: Cardiovascular disorders, breast cancer risk, probable dementia (when used with estrogens)
Medroxyprogesterone
Class: Progestin
Uses: Contraception, abnormal uterine bleeding, endometrial cancer
MOA: Suppresses ovulation by inhibiting gonadotropin secretion
Side Effects: Weight gain, amenorrhea, decreased bone density
BBW: Loss of bone mineral density (especially with long-term use)
Norethindrone
Class: Progestin
Uses: Contraception, abnormal bleeding, endometriosis
MOA: Inhibits ovulation and changes cervical mucus
Side Effects: Acne, breast tenderness, mood changes
BBW: Cardiovascular and breast cancer risks (when combined with estrogens)
Anastrozole
Class: Aromatase inhibitor
Uses: Estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women
MOA: Inhibits aromatase → ↓ estrogen synthesis
Side Effects: Hot flashes, arthralgia, osteoporosis
BBW: None
Letrozole
Class: Aromatase inhibitor
Uses: Breast cancer, ovulation induction
MOA: Blocks aromatase → ↓ estrogen production
Side Effects: Hot flashes, fatigue, bone loss
BBW: None
Exemestane
Class: Aromatase inhibitor
Uses: Breast cancer (postmenopausal women)
MOA: Irreversibly inhibits aromatase → ↓ estrogen levels
Side Effects: Insomnia, depression, arthralgia, bone loss
BBW: None
