Week 8: Nervous System

Question 1

The cerebellum is connected to the pons by the __________.

Answer 1

cerebellar peduncles

Question 2

A woman with an abnormally low level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) would exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Answer 2

Reduced oocyte production or ovulation events

Question 3

The inner layer of the eye that consists of the retina is known as

Answer 3

the nervous tunic.

Question 4

The ampulla and crista ampullaris are found in

Answer 4

the semicircular canals.

Question 5

Stress

Answer 5

influences the hypothalamus

activates a sympathetic nervous system response

causes the release of ACTH

causes an increase in blood glucose levels

Question 6

TTX is a toxin that blocks Na+ channels from opening. What effect would this have on the function of neurons (specifically the action potential)?

Answer 6

The neurons would be unable to depolarize.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the vestibulocochlear nerve is false?

Answer 7

The vestibular portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) is involved with hearing.

Question 8

The __________ of the cerebral cortex is necessary for understanding and formulating coherent speech whereas the __________ is responsible for initiating the complex series of movements necessary for speech.

Answer 8

Wernicke’s area; Broca’s area

Question 9

Transmitting a nerve impulse from one neuron to another involves a __________.

Answer 9

nerve impulse stimulating a presynaptic axon to release a neurotransmitter into a synaptic cleft

Question 10

Why is the resting membrane potential negative?

Answer 10

The membrane is more permeable to potassium ions than to sodium ions at rest.

Question 11

Which of the following is not an example of a special sense?

a. Hearing
b. Pain
c. Smell
d. Vision

Answer 11

b. Pain

Question 12

The peripheral nervous system includes the _____.

Answer 12

cranial nerves

Question 13

have long cilia on the dendrites, which airborne molecules bind to

Answer 13

Olfactory neurons

Question 14

are involved in dynamic equilibrium

Answer 14

Semicircular canals

Question 15

Evaluation of auditory and olfactory input, memory, abstract thought, and judgment are all associated with __________.

Answer 15

the temporal lobes

Question 16

In the cochlea, the space between the vestibular membrane and the basilar membrane is called the

Answer 16

cochlear duct

Question 17

can only perceive taste if the molecules are in solution

Answer 17

Taste buds

Question 18

___________ detect deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception in tendons and joints.

Answer 18

Pacinian corpuscles

Question 19

The outer layer of the eye that consists of the sclera and cornea is known as

Answer 19

the fibrous tunic

Question 20

Which of the following is not a function of the astrocytes?

Answer 20

Produce the myelin sheath around axons

Question 21

Sensory receptors that trigger the sensation of pain are called __________.

Answer 21

nociceptors

Question 22

The deep groove that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres from each other is the __________.

Answer 22

longitudinal fissure

Question 23

Which of the following statements about taste is false?

The facial nerve (VII) transmits taste sensations from the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue.

Our ability to perceive many different tastes is achieved through various combinations of the five basic taste sensations.

The vagus nerve (X) carries some taste sensations from the root of the tongue.

Taste sensations are carried by three spinal nerves that synapse in the olfactory bulb.

The glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) carries taste sensations from the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue.

Answer 23

Taste sensations are carried by three spinal nerves that synapse in the olfactory bulb.

Question 24

Which of the following would increase conduction velocity of an action potential in an axon?

Answer 24

Wrap the axon in Schwann cells

Question 25

Arrange the events of synaptic transmission in correct sequence.

1) Sodium ions diffuse into the cell and cause a local potential
2) Neurotransmitter binds with receptor on postsynaptic cell
3) Neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft
4) Membrane permeability to sodium ions on postsynaptic cell increases
5) Action potential in a presynaptic cell causes release of neurotransmitter

Answer 25

5, 3, 2, 4, 1

Question 26

Which of the following is mismatched?

Peripheral nervous system — Spinal nerves

Autonomic nervous system — Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Central nervous system — Brain

Somatic nervous system — Sensory division of PNS

Peripheral nervous system — Sensory and motor divisions

Answer 26

Somatic nervous system — Sensory division of PNS

Question 27

The type of sensory receptors that respond to physical forces such as bending or stretching the receptor are called

Answer 27

mechanoreceptors

Question 28

The nervous system _____.

transmits information in the form of action potentials

interprets or assesses information

monitors internal and external stimuli

maintains homeostasis

Answer 28

All are correct.

Question 29

______________ are released by cells that have effects on other cell types near the cells from which they were released.

Answer 29

Paracrine chemical messengers

Question 30

Is involved in balance, maintenance of muscle tone, and coordination of fine motor movement

Answer 30

cerebellum

Question 31

The structure that opens into the pharynx and enables air pressure to be equalized between the middle ear and the outside is

Answer 31

the auditory tube.

Question 32

The brain interprets input from sensory receptors as

Answer 32

perception

Question 33

Which of the following statements regarding neuroglia is false?

Neuroglia form myelin sheaths around some axons.

Neuroglia produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Neuroglia serve as the major supporting tissue in the CNS.

Neuroglia produce action potentials for skeletal muscles.

Neuroglia form part of the blood-brain barrier.

Answer 33

Neuroglia produce action potentials for skeletal muscles.