Week 9 Flashcards
(28 cards)
uses a fixed predetermined amount below which people are defined as poor
absolute measure of poverty
uses societal standards to asses the minimum needed for a reasonable living situation, and anything less than that standard is considered poor
relative measure of poverty
the dollar amount set for the federal poverty measure
poverty threshold/poverty line
issues each year and “are a simplified version of the poverty thresholds that the Census Bureau uses to prepare its estimates of the number of individuals and families in poverty.”
poverty guidelines
those who live in poverty despite employment
working poor
women are more likely than men to be among those who are poor
feminization of poverty
children are the group most likely to live in poverty
juvenilization of poverty
living without permanent residence
homeless
many poor individuals and some families relied on rental of single rooms, often in former hotels that lacked kitchen facilities- offered affordable housing though not ideal
single room occupancies (SROs)
the theory that people are poor because they lack education, training, or job skills
human capital as a cause of poverty
the theory that unforeseen mishaps greatly disadvantage people and lead to impoverishment
unfortunate circumstance as a cause of poverty
the theory that shifts in the employment sector have created permanent low-wage jobs that do not allow for advancement
macroeconomics as a cause of poverty
the theory that people are excluded from the mainstream economic system through prejudice, discrimination, and oppression
racism, discrimination, and segregation as a cause of poverty
the theory that people become accustomed to receiving assistance and have no desire to work
dependency as a cause of poverty
the theory that some groups are excluded from policy making and, without wealth and privilege, these groups continue to be excluded
lack of political power as a cause of poverty
first federal effort to respond to poverty among women in children
Mother’s Aid law
expanded from Mother’s Aid under the Social Security Act in 1935- viewed as a temporary program to support poor widows and their children
Aid to Dependent Children program (ADC)
Expanded from ADC to a permanent program that included single parents and two-parent families if the main earner became unemployed
Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
an act that stemmed from changing demographics and perceptions of AFDC
Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Act (PRWORA)
the replacement for AFDC that is time-limited and not guaranteed and funeral funding changed to an annual block grant to each state
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
a program that provides cash assistance to any person who is age 65 years or older, is blind, or has a disability and whose income falls below the poverty line
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
a federal program designed to lift families with full-time, year-round workers above poverty levels
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
the federally mandated lowest hourly wage that employers may legally pay their workers
minimum wage
a program enacted in 1964 as a way to assist poor individuals and families in purchasing food
Food Stamp Program
