Week 9

Question 1

What does one-way ANOVA assess?

Answer 1

One IV (more than 2 levels) → DV

Question 2

What does two-way ANOVA involve?

Answer 2

Two IVs (factors) → DV

Question 3

What is the main effect of IV1 in a two-way ANOVA?

Answer 3

Is there a difference in the DV between the levels in IV1?

Question 4

What is the interaction effect in a two-way ANOVA?

Answer 4

Is there a difference in the DV based on the combination of levels in IV1 and IV2?

Question 5

What does ANCOVA include in its analysis?

Answer 5

One or more continuous variables (covariates)

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of a one-way ANCOVA?

Answer 6

Is there a difference in the DV between the conditions of IV, after controlling for the covariates?

Question 7

What does univariate ANOVA assess?

Answer 7

The effects of a factor (or factors) on one DV

Question 8

What is the technical term for ANOVA?

Answer 8

Univariate ANOVA

Question 9

What is the purpose of using MANOVA?

Answer 9

To test multiple DVs that may be correlated

Question 10

What is a composite DV in MANOVA?

Answer 10

A combination of multiple DVs

Question 11

Why is it not advisable to run separate ANOVAs for each DV?

Answer 11

Increases the chance of Type 1 errors and ignores relationships between DVs

Question 12

What should outcome variables in MANOVA be?

Answer 12

Conceptually related and meaningful in combination

Question 13

What are the assumptions of MANOVA?

Answer 13

Independence, random sampling, multivariate normality, homogeneity of covariance matrices

Question 14

What does Box’s Test of Equality of Covariance Matrices assess?

Answer 14

Whether covariances between the DVs are equal across groups

Question 15

What is a significant result in Box’s test indicative of?

Answer 15

Covariance matrices are not similar

Question 16

What significance level do some researchers suggest using for Box’s test?

Answer 16

p < .005

Question 17

What is the general structure for reporting MANOVA results?

Answer 17

Descriptive statistics and results of MANOVA

Question 18

What does Pillai’s Trace measure in MANOVA?

Answer 18

The overall multivariate effect

Question 19

What does a non-significant MANOVA indicate?

Answer 19

No significant difference in the composite DV across the levels of the IVs

Question 20

What is recommended after a significant MANOVA?

Answer 20

Use Bonferroni corrected ANOVAs on each of the original DVs

Question 21

What is the alternative to following up with univariate ANOVAs after a MANOVA?

Answer 21

Discriminant analysis

Question 22

What is a one-way repeated-measures ANOVA used for?

Answer 22

To analyze test scores across multiple sessions

Question 23

What is a mixed ANOVA used for?

Answer 23

To analyze self-sufficiency scores with pre/post tests

Question 24

What is factorial ANOVA used to test?

Answer 24

Effects of two factors on a dependent variable

Question 25

What is ANCOVA used for?

Answer 25

To control for a covariate while analyzing the effect of a treatment group

Question 26

What is the significance of using a Bonferroni correction?

Answer 26

To control the probability of Type I error when performing multiple tests

Question 27

What is the DV in Case 6?

Answer 27

this year’s bill ## Footnote The DV refers to the dependent variable that is being measured.

Question 28

What type of analysis is appropriate for Case 6?

Answer 28

ANCOVA

Question 29

In Case 7, what are the DVs?

Answer 29

five different tests of psychology ## Footnote The tests include Experimental psychology, Statistics, Social psychology, Developmental psychology, and Personality.

Question 30

What is the IV in Case 7?

Answer 30

year in a psychology degree (between-subjects, 3 levels)

Question 31

What type of analysis is appropriate for Case 7?

Answer 31

MANOVA

Question 32

What are the IVs in Case 8?

Answer 32

Treatment group (between-subjects, 3 levels), Environment (within-subjects, 2 levels)

Question 33

What is the DV in Case 8?

Answer 33

Desire to smoke (repeated-measures, Pre/Post test)

Question 34

What type of analysis is appropriate for Case 8?

Answer 34

Mixed ANOVA

Question 35

In Case 9, what are the predictors (IVs)?

Answer 35

level of responsibility, number of people supervised, rating of working environment, years of service

Question 36

What is the outcome variable (DV) in Case 9?

Answer 36

job satisfaction

Question 37

What type of analysis is appropriate for Case 9?

Answer 37

Multiple regression

Question 38

What is the purpose of a One-way ANOVA?

Answer 38

To determine if the category of the IV affects the extent of the DV

Question 39

What are the characteristics of a paired/matched t-test?

Answer 39

2 variables, two ordinal DVs

Question 40

What is compared in a One-way repeated measures ANOVA?

Answer 40

2+ ordinal DVs that you wish to compare with each other

Question 41

What is the focus of factorial ANOVA?

Answer 41

Main effect and interaction questions for each IV

Question 42

What does a Mixed ANOVA involve?

Answer 42

2+ ordinal DVs and 1+ nominal or dichotomous IVs

Question 43

What does ANCOVA control for?

Answer 43

The effect of the covariate on the DV and the effect of the IV on the covariate

Question 44

What is the focus of MANOVA?

Answer 44

Effects of the IVs on the combination of the DVs

Question 45

Fill in the blank: The analysis used when comparing three different procedures for quitting smoking is _______.

Answer 45

Mixed ANOVA

Question 46

True or False: The DV in Case 8 is a single measure taken before and after quitting.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

What type of statistical test is used to compare means between two groups?

Answer 47

t-test

Question 48

What does a factorial repeated-measures ANOVA assess?

Answer 48

Main effects and interactions based on within-subjects factors