Week 9 - Stereotype, Prejudice, and Discrimination Flashcards
stereotype
a belief that associates a whole group of people with a certain trait
prejudice
hostile or negative feelings about people based on their membership in a certain group
discrimination
behaviour directed against people sole because of their membership in a particular group
social categorization
the practice of classifying people into in-groups or out-groups based on attributes that the person has in common with the in-group
out-group homogeneity effect
peoples tendency to underestimate the variability of out groups members compared to the variability of in-group members
cross-ethnic identification bias
the tendency to see outgrip members as looking very similar to one another, and showing greater accuracy for recognizing in group members than out group members
in group favouritism
the tendency to evaluate ones in group more positively than out groups
social dominance orientation
a personality trait that indicates preference to maintain hierarchy within and between groups
illusory correlation
the tendency to overestimate the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all correlated
ultimate attribution error
an error in which people make dispositional attributions for negative behaviour and situational attributions for positive behaviour by out-group members, yet show the reverse attributions for successes and failures for their in-group members
shifting standards model
a model that posits that people within a group are more often compared to others within that group than to people in other groups
perceptual confirmation
the tendency to see things in line with ones expectations
confirmation bias
the tendency to search for information that supports ones initial view
stereotype threat
the fear that ones behaviour may confirm an existing cultural stereotype, which then disrupts ones performance
rejection-identification model
a model which proposes that people in disadvantaged groups experience a negative impact on their well-being when they perceive prejudice and discrimination against themselves
