Week Seven: Arthropods (Chapters 12 and 13) Flashcards by Anna Chanslor

What are some examples of parasites under the phylum arthropoda?

Spiders, mites, ticks, crabs, crayfish, lobsters, water fleas, copepods, millipedes, centipedes

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What is the largest class under arthropoda?

Insecta

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What are some examples of insects?

Cockroaches, beetles, bedbugs, fleas, bees, ants, wasps, mosquitoes, butterflies, moths, grasshoppers, lice, silverfish, dragonflies

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What does “arthropod” mean?

Jointed foot

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What are some morphologic features of arthropods?

Jointed feet, chitinous exoskeleton, hemocoei, dioecious

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What does hemocoei mean?

Body cavity filled with hemolymph (blood like fluid)

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What are the most important subphylas (under arthropoda) in veterinary medicine?

Chelicerata (mites, ticks, spiders, scorpions)
and
Mandibulata (crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, insects)

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Arthropods can serve as vectors for…

Bacteria, viruses, spirochetes, rickettsiae, chlamydial agents, other pathogens

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Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Mandibulata
Class: Crustacea
What TYPE of parasites are under this and what is their importance?

Aquatic arthropods
Intermediate hosts for flukes, tapeworms, foundworms
Serve as causal agents

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Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Mandibulata
Class: Myriopoda
what TYPE of parasites are under this and what is their importance?

Centipedes and millipedes

Produce venoms and toxic substances

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Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Mandibulata
Class: Insecta
What is their importance?

Serve as causal agents, produce venoms and toxic substances, intermediate hosts, serve as vectors

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Morphology of insecta

Segmented body
3 pairs of segmented legs
Bilateral symmetry
Chitinous exoskeleton
Dorsal heart
Ventral nerve cord

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Insecta have a head, thorax, and abdomen… Explain what each one contains

Head: Brain, antennae, ventrally directed mouth parts, eyes
Thorax: Three pairs of legs, 1 or 2 pairs of wings
Abdomen: Reproductive organs

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What is metamorphosis and what happens during it?

Development into adult insects

-Changes in size, form, structure

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Explain simple metamorphosis in insects

3 Developmental stages:

Egg
Nymph (Sexually immature, wings may be absent, resembles adult stage)
Adult

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Explain complex metamorphosis in insects

4 Developmental stages:
-Egg
-Larva (wormlike)
-Pupa (resting stage)
-Adult
No stages resemble each other

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What are the 9 orders under insect?

Dictyoptera, coleopteran, Lepidoptera, hemiptera, hymenoptera, anoplura, mallophaga, diptera, siphonaptera

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(Insecta) Dictyoptera:

Cockroaches and grasshoppers

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Beetles:

Coleoptera (insecta)

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(Insecta) Lepidoptera:

Moths and butterflies

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True bugs:

Hemiptera (insecta)

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(Insecta) Hymenoptera:

Ants, bees, wasps, yellow jackets

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Sucking lice:

Anoplura (insecta)

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(Insecta) Mallophaga:

Study These Flashcards

Chewing lice

2 winged flies:

Diptera (insecta)

(Insecta) Siphonaptera:

Fleas

Why are cockroaches so disgusting?

Disgorge portions of their partly digested food Defecate wherever they roam and feed Transmits salmonella spp.

What are the two life cycle stages for Lepidoptera?

(butterflies and moths) - Adult stage - Larval or caterpillar stage (may be pathogenic to domestic animals)

what are examples of Hemiptera?

(True bugs) | reduviid bugs, bed bugs, kissing bugs

True bugs (Hemiptera) are intermediate hosts for...

Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease)

What do mallophaga look like?

(Chewing or biting lice) | Smaller than anoplura, yellow, rounded head, mandibulate mouthparts

What do anoplura look like?

(Sucking lice) | Red to gray in color, piercing mouthparts, pincer like claws

Who do anoplura not infect?

Cats and birds (Found on many other domestic animals)

What does pediculosis mean?

Infestation of lice

How are diptera classified?

On the way in which the adult male and female dipterans feed

What does musca anutamnalis mean?

Feeds on mucus, tears, and saliva of larage animals | Diptera do this

What is myiasis?

Maggot infestation (cuterebrosis or bots)

Kingdom: animalia Phylum: arthropoda Subphyulum: ____?____ Class: acarina

Chelicerata

What does acariasis mean?

Infestation by mites or ticks

Sarcoptidae do what to their host?

Burrow or tunnel within the epidermis (Sarcoptic mange)

Psoroptidae do what to their host?

Reside on surface of skin, within external ear canal

``` Sarcoptes spp. Notoedres spp. Cnemidocoptes spp. Trixacarus spp. ...Are all examples of what? ```

Sarcoptidae (mites)

Psoroptes Chorioptes Otodectes ...Are all examples of what?

Psoroptidae (mites)

Sarcoptes Scabei Canis and Felis: | Host, location of adult, derivation of genus, transmission route, common name

``` Host: Cats and dogs LOA: Tunneling into superficial layers of epidermis DOG: Flesh cutters TR: Direct contact CN: Scabies mite ```

Notoedres Cati: | Host, location of adult, transmission route, common name(s)

H: Cats LOA: Superficial layers of epidermis (surface of skin around ear pinna, face, neck, and feet) TR: Direct contact CN: Notoedric mange mite of cats, feline scabies mite

Otodectes Cynotis: | Host, location of adult, derivation of genus, transmission route, common name

``` H: Dogs, cats, ferrets LOA: External ear canal DOG: Ear biter or ear receiver TR: Direct contact (highly transmissible) CN: Ear mites ```

Nonsarcoptiform mites: Demodex spp. (Cati and canis) Host, location of adult, transmission route

H: Domestic animals and humans (host specific) LOA: Hair follicles and sebaceous glands of skin TR: Direct contact

Cheyletiella Parasitivorax | Host, location of adult, derivation of genus, transmission route, common name

``` H: Dogs, cats, rabbits LOA: surface of skin and hair coat DOG: Small lip TR: Direct contact CN: Walking dandruff ```

Argasid

Soft ticks

Ixodid

Hard ticks

Otobius megnini

Spinose ear tick of horses, cattle, sheep, goats, and dogs

Argas persicus

Fowl tick of chickens, turkeys, wild birds

Ixodes scapularis

Deer tick (vector for tularemia, babesia microti, borrelia burgdorferi-Lyme disease, granulocytic ehrlichiosis)

Rhipicepalus sanguineus

Brown dog tick | Vector for babesia canis

Dermacentor variabilis

American dog tick, wood tick | Vector for rocky mountain spotted fever

Dermacentor andersoni

Rocky mountain wood tick | Vector for rocky mountain spotted fever

Dermacentor occidentalis

Pacific coast dog tick

Ambilyomma americanum

Lone star tick

Amblyomma maculatum

Gulf coast tick

Week Seven: Arthropods (Chapters 12 and 13) Flashcards

(59 cards)