Week six - Adaptive Behaviour and Educational Assessment Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is adaptive behaviour?
How well an individual adapts to their environment.
Important when assessing intellectual and developmental disabilities.
What are some of the definitions of adaptive behaviour?
Second definition in lecture is important according to Graeam.
One definition is that adaptive behaviour is the performing of tasks and behaviours that allow personal independence and social sufficiency.
Heber 1961 definition is that adaptive behaviour refers primarily to the effectiveness of an indidivudal in adapting to the natural and social demands of the environment.
What three domains are emphasised by American Association on Intellectual and Developmental disabilities?
- Conceptual Skills
- Social Skills
- Practical Skills.
What is meant by “intellectually disabled”?
Some definitions state that intellectual disability has two facets: difficulty in intellectual functioning and difficulty in adaptive behaviour.
Intellectual functioning is required for adaptive behaviour, so they are not mutually exclusive.
In general, what does assessment look at when assessing intellectual disability?
How well is the individual able to maintain themselves within the cultural norms of their cultural.
Are criterion referenced measures or norm referenced tests used in adaptive behaviour assessment?
Criterion referenced measures.
e.g. can somebody look after themselves? As opposed to how well can someone look after themselves compared to other people.
Adaptive behaviour refers to one’s ability to meet the demands of their environment.
What are the two major facets of adaptive behaviour?
Social functioning.
Personal (practical) functioning.
What are the 5 critical characteristics of adaptive behaviour?
Is adaptive behaviour an age-related construct?
Yes.
What are the basic dimensions of independence and social responsibility?
Each domain needs to be assessed when looking at adaptive behaviour.
What are the reasons for assessing people’s adaptive behaviour?
To help determine whether they need support looking after themselves.
To determine their occupational strengths/where they might work well.
To determine whether they can fulfill their community roles.
To determine how they are/might adjust to a community.
What are some of the identifying features of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
How does the DSM-5 define intellectual disability?
Deficits in intellectual functioning.
DefIcits in adaptive functioning, to the extent that they limit functioning in one or more areas, such as communication or daily living.
Onset is during the DEVELOPMENTAL PERIOD.
Is it possible that an individual can be 3 sds below the mean in IQ, but their adaptive behaviour is not more than 2 sds below the mean, then they are not considered as having an intellectual disability?
Yes.
DSM-5 requires adaptive behaviour to be significantly low to be considered as having an intellectual disability.
What is one reason that DSM-5 focuses on adaptive behaviour as the main focus of intellectual disability?
Level of adaptive behaviour will determine level of support the individual requires.
Did intellectual disability used to be based on IQ alone?
Yes. Now adaptive behaviour plays more of a key role.
However, there is a correlation. The lower one’s intelligence, the more difficult to cope with one’s environment.
How is adaptive behaviour measured?
There are both standardised and non-standardised means of measuring adaptive behaviour.
What is the Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System?
Another person fills in a questionairre for the client, e.g. parent or care-giver, or teacher, or self (if 16 or above).
What are educational assessments?
Educational assessments attempt to measured whether there is a specific learning difficulty that cannot be better explained by an intellectual disability.
Educational assessments help to answer this question: Can a child’s academic difficulties be better explained by their intellectual abilities? Or is there something else going on? Psychosocial? ESL?
When are educational assessments most commonly used?
Generally when a student appears to be performing at a lower standard than other children their age?
What are some of the factors that can influence poor academic performance?
According to the DSM-5, what are specific learning disorders?
Difficulty (for their age) in reading, writing, and math.
Persisted for at least 6 months.
Has not improved with interventions.
Requires symptom persistence - this is different to DSM-IV.
What is the WIAT - III?
Looks at children from preschool to 18 years.
Norm-referenced.
Used for assessment of reading, spelling, mathematics, written expression, and comprehension.
