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Medical Assisting > WEEK TEN > Flashcards

WEEK TEN Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacology

A

the study of medications; how they act on the body their classifications, and properties

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2
Q

Natural products

A
  • plants (aspirin, digitalis)
  • animals (hormones - thyroid, insulin, heparin)
  • minerals (ferrous sulfate, iron)
  • bacteria and fungi (antibiotics)
  • synthetic
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3
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

the study of how medications move through the body

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4
Q

Absorption

A

the body coverts medication into a form the body can use; moves in bloodstream

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5
Q

Distribution

A

transportation of medication throughout the body and bloodstream to tissue and organs

blood-brain barrier protects the brain from dangerous chemicals

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6
Q

Metabolism

A

changes active forms into metabolites for excretion; liver is primary for metabolism

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7
Q

Excretion

A

removal of medications from the body
KIDNEYS- urine feces saliva sweat glands breast milk

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8
Q

Acute therapy

A

improve a life-threatening or serious condition
(nitroglycerin)

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9
Q

Maintenance therapy

A

a drug is prescribed to maintain a condition of health
(cholesterol-lowering drugs)

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10
Q

Palliative therapy

A

prescribed to reduce the severity of a condition or its accompanying pain
(does not treat or cure the disease)

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11
Q

Prophylactic therapy

A

prevent disease or condition
(antibiotics before surgery)

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12
Q

Replacement therapy

A

prescribed to provide chemicals otherwise missing in a patient
(hormones/insulin)

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13
Q

Supplemental therapy

A

drug or nutrients are prescribed to avoid deficiency

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14
Q

Generic drug name

A

under the brand name
(ibuprofen)

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15
Q

Chemical drug name

A

scientific name
(RS)-2(4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid

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16
Q

Trade drug name

A

brand name
(Motrin)- always capitalize

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17
Q

Analgesics

A

relieves mild to severe pain
(acetaminophen)

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18
Q

Anti-inflammatory

A

reduce inflammation
(ibuprofen, naproxen)

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19
Q

Antibiotic

A

treats bacterial infections
(amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin)

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20
Q

Anticoagulants

A

delay blood clotting
(warfarin, heparin)

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21
Q

Antidepressant

A

relieves depression
(doxepin, fluoxetine)

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22
Q

Antiemetic

A

reduces nausea, vomiting
(metoclopramide)

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23
Q

Antifungal

A

kills fungi
(fluconazole, nystatin)

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24
Q

Antimigraine

A

relieves migraines
(topiramate)

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25
Antihistamine
relieves allergies (loratadine)
26
Antihypertensive
lowers blood pressure (lisinopril)
27
Antilipemic
lower cholesterol (atorvastatin)
28
Antipyretics
reduces fever (ibuprofen)
29
Antitussive (expectorant)
control cough, eliminates mucus (dextromethorphan)
30
Antivirals
kills viruses (acyclovir, interferon)
31
Antacids
neutralize stomach acid (omeprazole)
32
Anticholinergics
reduce bronchospasm (ipratropium)
33
Anticonvulsants
control seizures (clonazepam)
34
Antidiarrhea
reduces diarrhea (bismuth)
35
Anti-osteoporosis
improve bone density (alendronate)
36
Antipsychotic
controls psychotic symptoms (quetiapine)
37
Antispasmodic
prevent muscle spams (cyclobenzaprine)
38
Anti anxiety
reduce anxiety (clonazepam)
39
central nervous system stimulants
reduce hyperactivity (methylphenidate)
40
Contraceptives
prevent pregnancy (medroxyprogesterone)
41
Bronchodilators
relaxes airway (albuterol)
42
Decongestants
relieves nasal congestion (pseudoephedrine)
43
Diuretics
eliminate excess fluid (furosemide)
44
Hormone replacement
hormone deficiencies (levothyroxine)
45
Hypoglycemics
reduce blood sugar (metformin)
46
sedatives/hypnotic
induce sleep/relaxation (zolpidem)
47
classification of albuterol
bronchodilator
48
classification of amlodipine besylate
calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive
49
classification of amoxicillin
antibiotic
50
classification of aripiprazole
antipsychotic
51
classification of atorvastatin
antilipemic, statin
52
classification of azithromycin
antiobiotic
53
classification of celecoxib
anti inflammatory
54
classification of cephalexin
antiobiotic
55
classification of ciproflaxacin
antibiotic
56
classification of clopidogrel
antiplatelet
57
Schedule I
no approved medical use (heroin, LSD)
58
Schedule II
high potential for abuse (morphine, hydrocodone) - handwritten rx- no refills
59
Schedule III
moderate to low potential (anabolic steroid, testosterone) - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months
60
Schedule IV
low potential for abuse (diazepam, zolpidem) - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone
61
Schedule V
contain limited quantities of narcotics (antidiatthea, antitussive, analgesic) - refilled up to 5 times in 6 months, authorized by phone
62
drug references
- online sources (drugs.com, pdr.net) - books (physician's desk reference) - phone apps - drugs inserts
63
allergic drug reaction
rashes, throat swelling, facial swelling, itching
64
non-allergic reactions
vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhea
65
most common contraindication
sensitivity or allergic reaction to a drug
66
when writing prescription, write ___ for trade name
DAW (dispense as written)
67
Common routes fall into two categories:
enteral (through GI tract) parenteral (outside GI tract)
68
Intramuscular route
injection in the muscle 90 degree angle - used for medication, pain medication, immunizations - ranges from 1 to 3 inches - Gauge: ranges from 20G to 23G - deltoid, ventrogluteal, thigh pediatric(vastus lateralis
69
Subcutaneous route
- injection under the dermis (fatty tissue) - 45 degree angle - used for allergy injection/insulin/immunization - needle size: ranges from 1/2 to 5/8 inch - gauge: ranges from 25G to 26G - outer part of arm, abdominal area, upper thigh
70
Intradermal route
- into the dermis - 10-15 degree angle - used for tuberculin/allergy testing/mantoux (PPD) test - 27G or 28G; 3/8 - 0.01 to 0.05 mL - forearm (small bubble)
71
Intravenous (IV) route
in a vein 25 degree angle
72
Document for injection
Route Site Medication Manufacturer Dose Expiration date of medication Lot number of medication Adverse effects
73
Measurement Systems
Apothecary Household Metric(most common)
74
15 drops (gtt)
1mL
75
1 tsp
5mL
76
1tbsp
15mL
77
1 cup
240mL
78
1 pint
480mL
79
1 quart
960mL
80
1 gallon
3,830 mL
81
2.2 pounds
1 kilogram
82
38 C
100.4 F

Medical Assisting (11 decks)

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